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    Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship

    Explore the latest in antibiotic use, overuse, resistance, and stewardship, including evolving antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and more.

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    • Doxycycline Postexposure Prophylaxis and Sexually Transmitted Infections
      JAMA
      Review
      September 22, 2023

      This JAMA Insights discusses the use of antibiotics for sexually transmitted infection prevention.

      Emergency Medicine Infectious Diseases Sexually Transmitted Infections LGBTQIA Medicine Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF | CME & MOC is active quiz
    • Treatment Failure and Adverse Events After Amoxicillin-Clavulanate vs Amoxicillin for Pediatric Acute Sinusitis
      JAMA
      Research
      September 19, 2023

      This cohort study compares the rate of treatment failure and adverse events associated with amoxicillin-clavulanate vs amoxicillin in children newly diagnosed with acute sinusitis in an outpatient setting.

      Emergency Medicine Infectious Diseases Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship Rhinology Otolaryngology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Air Pollution Might Contribute to Antibiotic Resistance
      JAMA
      News
      September 12, 2023
      Infectious Diseases Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship Environmental Health
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • MT-RNR1 Genotype Should Not Affect Childhood Vaccination—Unintended Consequences of Guidelines
      JAMA Pediatrics
      Opinion
      September 11, 2023

      This Viewpoint discusses whether routine vaccination is safe for children with MT-RNR1 gene variants that predispose to aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss.

      Genetics and Genomics Pharmacogenetics Vaccination Pediatrics Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Sustainability of the Bright STAR Diagnostic Stewardship Program to Reduce Blood Culture Rates Among Critically Ill Children
      JAMA Pediatrics
      Research
      September 11, 2023

      This quality improvement study evaluates whether pediatric intensive care units sustained reduced blood culture rates after participation in the Bright STAR collaborative from 2017 to 2020.

      Infectious Diseases Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship Health Care Quality Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Pediatrics
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • A Statewide Quality Initiative to Reduce Unnecessary Antibiotic Treatment of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria
      JAMA Internal Medicine
      Research
      September 1, 2023

      This quality improvement study aims to determine whether diagnostic stewardship (avoiding unnecessary urine cultures) or antibiotic stewardship (reducing unnecessary antibiotic treatment after an unnecessary culture) is associated with better outcomes in reducing antibiotic use for asymptomatic bacteriuria.

      Emergency Medicine Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship Public Health Infectious Diseases Urology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF open access
    • Increasing Evidence That Diagnostic Stewardship May Improve Antibiotic Use
      JAMA Internal Medicine
      Opinion
      September 1, 2023
      Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship Health Care Quality Infectious Diseases
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Efficacy of a Clinical Decision Rule to Enable Direct Oral Challenge in Patients With Low-Risk Penicillin Allergy: The PALACE Randomized Clinical Trial
      JAMA Internal Medicine
      Research
      September 1, 2023

      This randomized clinical trial aims to determine whether a direct oral penicillin challenge is noninferior to the standard of care of penicillin skin testing followed by an oral challenge in patients with a low-risk penicillin allergy.

      Allergy and Clinical Immunology Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship Adverse Drug Events Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • The Penicillin Allergy Decision Rule—Something New for Penicillin Allergy
      JAMA Internal Medicine
      Opinion
      September 1, 2023
      Infectious Diseases Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship Adverse Drug Events Allergy and Clinical Immunology Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Trial Participation and Outcomes Among English-Speaking and Spanish-Speaking Patients With Appendicitis Randomized to Antibiotics: A Secondary Analysis of the CODA Randomized Clinical Trial
      JAMA Surgery
      Research
      September 1, 2023

      This study describes trial participation and compares clinical and patient-reported outcomes among Spanish-speaking and English-speaking participants randomized to antibiotics.

      Infectious Diseases Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion Gastrointestinal Surgery Surgery
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Association Between Fluoroquinolone Use and Hospitalization With Aortic Aneurysm or Aortic Dissection
      JAMA Cardiology
      Research
      September 1, 2023

      This combination cohort and case-crossover study evaluates the association between fluoroquinolone use and hospitalization with aortic aneurysm or aortic dissection.

      Cardiology Surgery Vascular Surgery Pharmacoepidemiology Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Association Between Antibiotic Prescribing and Time to Diagnosis of Head and Neck Cancer
      JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery
      Research
      August 24, 2023

      This cohort study examines the factors involved and times to diagnosis and treatment initiation in patients with head and neck cancer at the time of presentation with symptoms.

      Infectious Diseases Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship Head and Neck Cancer Oncology Otolaryngology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Antibiotic Prescribing Prior to Head and Neck Cancer Diagnosis—Warning, Detour Ahead
      JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery
      Opinion
      August 24, 2023
      Infectious Diseases Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship Head and Neck Cancer Oncology Otolaryngology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Long-Term Outcome of Nonoperative Treatment of Appendicitis
      JAMA Surgery
      Research
      August 9, 2023

      This cohort study uses registry data to report the long-term outcomes of patients who participated in randomized clinical trials of antibiotics vs surgery in Sweden in the 1990s.

      Gastrointestinal Surgery Surgery Gastroenterology and Hepatology Gastroenterology Emergency Medicine
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Does the SCOUT Trial Fall Short of Determining an Effective Treatment Duration for Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections?
      JAMA Pediatrics
      Opinion
      August 1, 2023
      Emergency Medicine Urology Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship Infectious Diseases Pediatrics
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Evaluating the PEN-FAST Clinical Decision-making Tool to Enhance Penicillin Allergy Delabeling
      JAMA Internal Medicine
      Research
      August 1, 2023

      This cohort study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of PEN-FAST as a clinical decision-making tool to enhance penicillin allergy evaluation.

      Less is More Allergy and Clinical Immunology Infectious Diseases Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship Adverse Drug Events
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Infective Endocarditis in Adults: A WikiGuidelines Group Consensus Statement
      JAMA Network Open
      Review
      July 31, 2023

      This consensus statement provides clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of adult bacterial infective endocarditis.

      Infectious Diseases Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship Consensus Statements Cardiology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF open access
    • Acute Bacterial Sinusitis: Limitations of Test-Based Treatment
      JAMA
      Opinion
      July 25, 2023
      Otolaryngology Pediatrics Rhinology Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship Emergency Medicine
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Antibiotic Prescription for Outpatients With COVID-19 in Primary Care Settings in Japan
      JAMA Network Open
      Research
      July 25, 2023

      This cross-sectional study assesses the characteristics of patients and physicians associated with antibiotic prescription for COVID-19.

      Infectious Diseases Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship Health Care Quality Coronavirus (COVID-19)
      Full Text | pdf link PDF open access
    • Identifying Children Likely to Benefit From Antibiotics for Acute Sinusitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
      JAMA
      Research
      July 25, 2023

      This randomized clinical trial compares the effect of amoxicillin and clavulanate vs placebo on symptom burden in children diagnosed with acute sinusitis.

      Emergency Medicine Infectious Diseases Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship Pediatrics Rhinology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF | CME & MOC is active quiz
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