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    Gastroenterology and Hepatology

    Explore the latest in gastroenterology and hepatology, including recent advances in treatment of viral hepatitis and of GI and pancreatic cancers.

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    • Cystic Fibrosis: A Review
      JAMA
      Review
      June 6, 2023

      This narrative review examines treatment and management of cystic fibrosis.

      Pulmonary Medicine Adolescent Medicine Gastroenterology Pancreatic Disease Pediatrics
      Full Text | pdf link PDF | CME & MOC is active quiz
    • Germline Genetic Testing After Cancer Diagnosis
      JAMA
      Research
      June 5, 2023

      This observational study describes the prevalence of germline genetic testing in California and Georgia between 2013 and 2019 among patients diagnosed with cancer.

      Colorectal Cancer Endometrial Cancer Gastroenterology Gastrointestinal Cancer Cancer Genetics
      Full Text | pdf link PDF free
    • Frequency of Use and Outcomes of Colonoscopy in Individuals Older Than 75 Years
      JAMA Internal Medicine
      Research
      June 1, 2023

      This cross-sectional study with a nested cohort assesses the number of screening colonoscopies done in patients older than 75 years with a life expectancy of fewer than 10 years.

      Less is More Geriatrics Colorectal Surgery Cancer Screening, Prevention, Control Colorectal Cancer
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Efficacy of Systemic Chemotherapy in Patients With Low-grade Mucinous Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma: A Randomized Crossover Trial
      JAMA Network Open
      Research
      June 1, 2023

      This randomized crossover trial evaluates the effectiveness of fluoropyrimidine-based systemic chemotherapy in patients with inoperable low-grade mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma.

      Oncology Colorectal Cancer Gastroenterology Gastrointestinal Cancer
      Full Text | pdf link PDF open access
    • Physical Fitness and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Risk Among Children and Adolescents in Taiwan
      JAMA Pediatrics
      Research
      June 1, 2023

      This cohort study examines the association between physical fitness and subsequent risk for inflammatory bowel disease among children and adolescents in Taiwan.

      Gastroenterology Inflammatory Bowel Disease Physical Activity Lifestyle Behaviors Adolescent Medicine
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Panitumumab Plus Trifluridine-Tipiracil as Anti–Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Rechallenge Therapy for Refractory RAS Wild-Type Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial
      JAMA Oncology
      Research
      May 18, 2023

      This randomized clinical trial assesses progression-free survival among patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer receiving panitumumab plus standard-of-care trifluridine-tipiracil as third-line therapy.

      Targeted and Immune Cancer Therapy Oncology Surgery Surgical Oncology Colorectal Cancer
      Full Text | pdf link PDF open access
    • Risk of Syndrome-Associated Cancers Among First-Degree Relatives of Patients With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma With Pathogenic or Likely Pathogenic Germline Variants
      JAMA Oncology
      Research
      May 18, 2023

      This case series assesses the gene-specific risk estimates of development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and extra-PDAC among first-degree relatives of patients with PDAC who carry pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline variants in cancer syndrome–associated genes.

      Cancer Genetics Gynecologic Cancer Gynecology Obstetrics and Gynecology Gastroenterology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Effectiveness of S-1–Based Chemoradiotherapy in Patients 70 Years and Older With Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Randomized Clinical Trial
      JAMA Network Open
      Research
      May 17, 2023

      This randomized clinical trial compares the efficacy and safety of simultaneous integrated boost radiotherapy with concurrent and consolidated oral S-1 chemotherapy vs radiotherapy alone for patients aged 70 years and older with inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

      Oncology Esophageal Disease Gastroenterology Esophageal Cancer Gastrointestinal Cancer
      Full Text | pdf link PDF open access
    • Universal Adult Hepatitis B Screening and Vaccination as the Path to Elimination
      JAMA
      Opinion
      May 16, 2023

      This Viewpoint describes new recommendations from the CDC regarding universal screening of adults for hepatitis B virus infection.

      Infectious Diseases Vaccination Viral Hepatitis Hepatitis B Hepatobiliary Disease
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Overcome Health Inequities to Eliminate Viral Hepatitis
      JAMA
      Opinion
      May 16, 2023

      This Viewpoint outlines the progress made toward eliminating hepatitis B and C but emphasizes the work that remains to prioritize diagnosis and treatment of populations disproportionately affected by viral hepatitis, including ensuring that there are systems in place to treat those infected and care for those at risk.

      Hepatobiliary Disease Health Inequities Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion Infectious Diseases Viral Hepatitis
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Association of Hospital Adoption of Probiotics With Outcomes Among Neonates With Very Low Birth Weight
      JAMA Health Forum
      Research
      May 12, 2023

      This cohort study examines changes in probiotic use among neonates with very low birth weight in US neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) between 2012 and 2019 and the association of routine probiotic use in this population with health outcomes.

      Health Policy Gastroenterology Neonatology Pediatrics Nutrition
      Full Text | pdf link PDF open access
    • Long-term Quality of Life and Functional Outcome of Patients With Rectal Cancer Following a Watch-and-Wait Approach
      JAMA Surgery
      Research
      May 10, 2023

      This cohort study assesses quality of life and functional outcome of patients with rectal cancer who are followed up via a watch-and-wait approach.

      Oncology Surgery Surgical Oncology Urology Colorectal Cancer
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Guiding Patients Through a “Watch-and-Wait” Approach for Rectal Cancer—Understanding the Functional Outcomes
      JAMA Surgery
      Opinion
      May 10, 2023
      Colorectal Cancer Gastroenterology Gastrointestinal Cancer Oncology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Analysis of Body Mass Index in Early and Middle Adulthood and Estimated Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancer
      JAMA Network Open
      Research
      May 10, 2023

      This cohort study of Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial data examined the association between gastrointestinal cancer and body mass index in adulthood and the association between changing body mass index and cancer risk.

      Public Health Nutrition, Obesity, Exercise Obesity Gastroenterology Gastrointestinal Cancer
      Full Text | pdf link PDF open access
    • Obesity and Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Life Course Perspective
      JAMA Network Open
      Opinion
      May 10, 2023
      Public Health Nutrition, Obesity, Exercise Obesity Oncology Gastroenterology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF open access
    • Effect of Prophylactic Antibiotics on Mortality in Severe Alcohol-Related Hepatitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
      JAMA
      Research
      May 9, 2023

      This randomized clinical trial assesses the effect of administration of prophylactic amoxicillin-clavulanate vs placebo on 60-day mortality in patients hospitalized with severe alcohol-related hepatitis.

      Hepatobiliary Disease Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • The Role of Prophylactic Antibiotics for Patients With Severe Alcohol-Related Hepatitis
      JAMA
      Opinion
      May 9, 2023
      Substance Use and Addiction Medicine Alcohol Antibiotic Use, Overuse, Resistance, Stewardship Hepatobiliary Disease
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Piperacillin-Tazobactam Compared With Cefoxitin as Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Pancreatoduodenectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial
      JAMA
      Research
      May 9, 2023

      This phase 3 randomized clinical trial examines the effect of broad-spectrum perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis on postoperative surgical site infection incidence compared with standard care antibiotics (cefoxitin).

      Gastroenterology Gastrointestinal Cancer Oncology Pancreatic Cancer Surgical Oncology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Informing a Rational Approach to Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Open Pancreatoduodenectomy
      JAMA
      Opinion
      May 9, 2023
      Gastroenterology Gastrointestinal Cancer Gastrointestinal Surgery Infectious Diseases Oncology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Abdominal Pain and Hypotension in a 70-Year-Old Woman
      JAMA
      Case Report
      May 9, 2023

      A 70-year-old woman with hypertension, atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, and gallstones had 3 days of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Abdominal computed tomography showed a thickened gallbladder wall with intraluminal air adherent to the duodenum and a gallstone in the middle ileum with proximal bowel distension. What is the diagnosis and what would you do next?

      Surgery Hepatobiliary Surgery Hepatobiliary Disease Clinical Challenge Radiology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF | CME & MOC is active quiz has multimedia
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