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    Radiation Oncology

    Explore the latest in radiation oncology, including recent advances in technologies and treatments and long-term radiotherapy complications.

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    • Development and Validation of a Multi-institutional Nomogram of Outcomes for PSMA-PET–Based Salvage Radiotherapy for Recurrent Prostate Cancer
      JAMA Network Open
      Research
      May 23, 2023

      This cohort study develops and validates a nomogram of for prediction of freedom from biochemical failure after prostate-specific antigen membrane positron-emission tomography–based salvage radiotherapy for recurrent or persistent prostate cancer.

      Oncology Prostate Cancer Urology Urologic Cancer Radiology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF open access
    • Effectiveness of S-1–Based Chemoradiotherapy in Patients 70 Years and Older With Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Randomized Clinical Trial
      JAMA Network Open
      Research
      May 17, 2023

      This randomized clinical trial compares the efficacy and safety of simultaneous integrated boost radiotherapy with concurrent and consolidated oral S-1 chemotherapy vs radiotherapy alone for patients aged 70 years and older with inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

      Oncology Gastroenterology and Hepatology Esophageal Disease Gastroenterology Gastrointestinal Cancer
      Full Text | pdf link PDF open access
    • American Radium Society Appropriate Use Criteria for Radiation Therapy in the Multidisciplinary Management of Thymic Carcinoma
      JAMA Oncology
      Review
      May 15, 2023

      This Special Communication describes the development of expert multidisciplinary consensus guidelines on the management of common presentations of thymic carcinoma.

      Surgery Surgical Oncology Cardiothoracic Surgery Oncology Minimally Invasive Surgery
      Full Text | pdf link PDF | CME & MOC is active quiz
    • Feasibility and Safety of Diffusing Alpha-Emitter Radiation Therapy for Recurrent or Unresectable Skin Cancers
      JAMA Network Open
      Research
      May 11, 2023

      This cohort study evaluates the feasibility and safety of diffusing alpha-emitter radiation therapy to treat recurrent or unresectable skin cancers.

      Oncology Skin Cancer Dermatology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF open access
    • Long-term Quality of Life and Functional Outcome of Patients With Rectal Cancer Following a Watch-and-Wait Approach
      JAMA Surgery
      Research
      May 10, 2023

      This cohort study assesses quality of life and functional outcome of patients with rectal cancer who are followed up via a watch-and-wait approach.

      Oncology Surgery Surgical Oncology Urology Gastroenterology and Hepatology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Assessment of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinomas in French Polynesia After Atmospheric Nuclear Tests Performed by France
      JAMA Network Open
      Research
      May 5, 2023

      This case-control study examines the association of radiation exposure from French atmospheric nuclear tests and risk of thyroid cancer among French Polynesia residents.

      Oncology Thyroid Disorders Diabetes and Endocrinology Endocrinology Endocrine Cancer
      Full Text | pdf link PDF open access
    • Bacterial Decolonization for Prevention of Radiation Dermatitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
      JAMA Oncology
      Research
      May 4, 2023

      This randomized clinical trial determines the efficacy of bacterial decolonization to reduce the severity of acute radiation dermatitis compared with standard of care.

      Dermatology Oncology Breast Cancer Women's Health Otolaryngology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Association of Staphylococcus aureus Colonization With Severity of Acute Radiation Dermatitis in Patients With Breast or Head and Neck Cancer
      JAMA Oncology
      Research
      May 4, 2023

      This cohort study assesses the association of Staphylococcus aureus colonization with acute dermatitis severity in patients with breast or head and neck cancer.

      Breast Cancer Women's Health Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Oncology Infectious Diseases
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Private Equity Acquisition of Oncology Clinics in the US From 2003 to 2022
      JAMA Internal Medicine
      Research
      May 1, 2023

      This cross-sectional study examines private equity backed acquisitions of medical and radiation oncology clinics in the US from 2003 to 2022 using financial databases and publicly available data.

      Oncology Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment Health Policy
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Private Equity in US Health Care—Now Cradle to Grave?
      JAMA Internal Medicine
      Opinion
      May 1, 2023
      Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment Health Policy Oncology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Effectiveness and Safety of Trabectedin and Radiotherapy for Patients With Myxoid Liposarcoma: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial
      JAMA Oncology
      Research
      May 1, 2023

      This nonrandomized clinical trial investigates the safety and effectiveness of trabectedin with radiotherapy in patients with myxoid liposarcoma.

      Dermatology Oncology Soft-Tissue Tumors Sarcomas
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Pathologic Complete Response and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Localized Soft Tissue Sarcoma Treated With Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy or Radiotherapy: The NRG/RTOG 9514 and 0630 Nonrandomized Clinical Trials
      JAMA Oncology
      Research
      May 1, 2023

      This ancillary analysis of 2 randomized clinical trials of patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy or preoperative image-guided radiotherapy examines the prognostic significance of pathologic complete response on survival outcomes in patients with soft tissue sarcoma receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

      Oncology Soft-Tissue Tumors Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Surgery Surgical Oncology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF has multimedia
    • An Oncology Artificial Intelligence Fact Sheet for Cancer Clinicians
      JAMA Oncology
      Opinion
      May 1, 2023
      Oncology Shared Decision Making and Communication Health Informatics
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Intracranial and Extracranial Progression and Their Correlation With Overall Survival After Stereotactic Radiosurgery in a Multi-institutional Cohort With Brain Metastases
      JAMA Network Open
      Research
      April 26, 2023

      This cohort study evaluates the correlation between intracranial and extracranial progression and overall survival after stereotactic radiosurgery among patients with brain metastases.

      Oncology Neuro-oncology Neurology Neurosurgery Surgery
      Full Text | pdf link PDF open access
    • Association of Radiotherapy Duration With Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Esophageal Cancer Treated in NRG Oncology Trials: A Secondary Analysis of NRG Oncology Randomized Clinical Trials
      JAMA Network Open
      Research
      April 21, 2023

      This secondary analysis examines the local-regional failure, distant failure, disease-free survival, and overall survival in patients with esophageal cancer who underwent definitive chemoradiotherapy during NRG Oncology randomized clinical trials.

      Oncology Gastroenterology and Hepatology Esophageal Cancer Esophageal Disease Gastroenterology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF open access
    • Association of Social-Ecological Factors With Delay in Time to Initiation of Postoperative Radiation Therapy: A Prospective Cohort Study
      JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery
      Research
      April 20, 2023

      This cohort study examines individual and community-level factors associated with delay in initiation of postoperative radiation therapy among patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

      Oncology Research, Methods, Statistics Head and Neck Cancer Otolaryngology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF
    • Stereotactic Radiosurgery vs Conventional Radiotherapy for Localized Vertebral Metastases of the Spine: Phase 3 Results of NRG Oncology/RTOG 0631 Randomized Clinical Trial
      JAMA Oncology
      Research
      April 20, 2023

      This randomized clinical trial assesses whether patient-reported pain relief was improved with stereotactic radiosurgery compared with conventional external beam radiotherapy for patients with 1 to 3 sites of vertebral metastases.

      Oncology Surgery Surgical Oncology Pain Medicine Neurology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF has multimedia
    • Association of Radiation and Procarbazine Dose With Risk of Colorectal Cancer Among Survivors of Hodgkin Lymphoma
      JAMA Oncology
      Research
      April 1, 2023

      This nested case-control study of 5-year Hodgkin lymphoma survivors explores dose-response associations of radiation therapy and procarbazine with colorectal cancer.

      Colorectal Cancer Gastroenterology Gastrointestinal Cancer Oncology Cancer Survivorship
      Full Text | pdf link PDF open access
    • Hyaluronic Acid Spacer for Hypofractionated Prostate Radiation Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial
      JAMA Oncology
      Research
      April 1, 2023

      This randomized clinical trial examines whether a hyaluronic acid rectal spacer could improve rectal dosimetry and affect acute grade 2 or higher gastrointestinal toxic effects for hypofractionated radiation therapy.

      Oncology Prostate Cancer Urology Urologic Cancer
      Full Text | pdf link PDF open access
    • Association of Treatment Strategies and Tumor Characteristics With Overall Survival Among Patients With Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: A Single-Institution 21-Year Experience
      JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery
      Research
      April 1, 2023

      This retrospective case series study evaluates overall survival among patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer by treatment strategy and tumor characteristic at a tertiary level academic institution during a recent 21-year period.

      Endocrine Surgery Targeted and Immune Cancer Therapy Surgical Oncology Endocrine Cancer Oncology
      Full Text | pdf link PDF has multimedia
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