Patient Information

This JAMA Patient Page summarizes the US Preventive Services Task Force’s 2021 recommendation that current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for vitamin D deficiency in asymptomatic adults (I statement).

This JAMA Patient Page summarizes risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of giardiasis, an intestinal parasite infection that can cause gastrointestinal symptoms including nausea, stomach cramps, and prolonged diarrhea.

This JAMA Patient Page summarizes the US Preventive Services Task Force’s 2021 recommendation that current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for hearing loss in older adults (I statement).

This JAMA Patient Page explains the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, an infection of fluid (ascites) that accumulates in the abdomen in liver disease and other conditions.

This JAMA Patient Page explains the US Preventive Services Task Force 2021 recommendation to screen for lung cancer in adults aged 50 to 80 years who have a 20-pack-year or greater smoking history and currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years.

This JAMA Patient Page describes use of monoclonal antibodies for treatment of nonsevere COVID-19, which may help prevent progression to severe infection.

This JAMA Patient Page describes how the new Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines available in the US work and explains why 2 doses of these vaccines are needed to confer adequate immunity.

This JAMA Patient Page explains how the Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine, likely to be the third SARS-CoV-2 vaccine approved for widespread use, uses an adenovirus 26 vector to deliver coronavirus DNA to host cells to produce spike proteins and safely and effectively induce immunity.

This JAMA Patient Page describes the types, causes, and treatment of nystagmus, a rhythmic involuntary movement of the eyes.

This JAMA Patient Page explains lateral internal sphincterotomy, a surgical procedure used for treatment of anal fissures unresponsive to supportive or medical therapy.

This JAMA Patient Page explains the medications (naltrexone, acamprosate, disulfiram) and behavioral treatments (cognitive behavior therapy [CBT]) used to manage alcohol use disorder.

This JAMA Patient Page summarizes the US Preventive Services Task Force’s 2021 recommendation not to screen for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis in the general population.