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The object of this study was to discover a basic constitutional factor in dementia praecox. The author distinguishes sharply between the hebephrenic, catatonic, and paranoid forms and regards the last as outside the province of true dementia praecox. The material was selected from the records of 4,400 postmortem examinations made at St. Elizabeth's Hospital and, after those instances in which the diagnosis was not clear and those in which there was a question of associated organic brain disease were excluded, there remained 601 cases of undoubted hebephrenia or catatonia. The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis was so high that it became necessary to separate the material into eight groups: white males with tuberculosis, colored males with tuberculosis, white females with tuberculosis, colored females with tuberculosis, white males without tuberculosis, colored males without tuberculosis, white females without tuberculosis, and colored females without tuberculosis. The following table is of considerable interest and gives