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Much of the material in this monograph is already familiar to the readers of the Archives through the article on the phenomenology of postencephalitic respiratory disorders which appeared in the May, 1927, issue. In the book this material has been amplified and new matter added which concerns chiefly the facts secured from a psychoanalytic study of the patient in case 1. From the discussion of these facts, it is evident that the author regards the particular forms of respiratory disorder with which he is concerned as reactions occurring from lower levels (in the sense of Hughlings Jackson) of the nervous system. As a result of the injury by the encephalitic virus the higher levels have been isolated; to use the terms of Freud, the patient has regressed from the ego more or less toward the id. The respiratory phenomena are, therefore, to be regarded as primitive forms of erotic gratification.