This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables.
This study is based on an investigation of 348 cases of mongolian idiocy, approximately 150 of the patients having been seen by the author; the data concerning the other cases were secured through communications with all physicians in Holland, the fact of mongolism being determined by the author from photographs and detailed descriptions of the patients. Reports concerning 185 other cases were discarded as insufficiently established, though many of them probably belonged in this category. The material is described in five main sections dealing with: (1) general considerations; (2) etiology; (3) somatic and psychic phenomena; (4) pathologic anatomy and (5) pathogenesis.
The principal conclusions reached are given by the author as: 1. Mongolism belongs to the morphologic series of malformations in which the picture is controlled by median skull defects. 2. All the anomalies can be explained as a result of deficient size of the amniotic sac, which produces its