The clinical syndrome commonly referred to as peroneal muscular atrophy has been known since 1856, when Eulenburg1 described the condition in 2 brothers. Much later, in 1873, Eichhorst2 reported on a family in which muscular atrophy of this type had occurred in six generations. Reports of other cases were published by several authors, e. g., Schultze,3 but it remained for Charcot and Marie,4 Tooth5 and Hoffmann6 to describe the condition as a definite clinical entity. Charcot and Marie described the characteristics of the disease as slowly progressive wasting of the muscles of the feet and calves, fibrillary movements in the muscles involved, occasional defects in the perception of sensation, vasomotor disturbances and a definite hereditary predisposition to the disease. In his classic contribution, Hoffmann6 differentiated the disease from various other types of progressive muscular wasting and stated that the condition represents a clinical