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This is a companion piece to the study, published in 1939, dealing with mental changes after resection of the frontal lobes in 32 cases of tumor. In the present study, Rylander has employed the same methods of examination, controlling each observation by similar studies on a member of the family or a close associate and then applying statistical methods to determine the differences. Each patient was given a standard intelligence test, and various other tests which had revealed characteristic differences in the frontal lobe series were used. Rylander points out that none of his patients showed significant losses in intellectual performance as long as the centers of the intellectual machinery (speech, gnosia) were essentially undamaged. Furthermore, none of his patients showed euphoria, restlessness or silliness, and most of them were reported to be of the same temperament after operation as before development of the symptoms of tumor. Most of the