With the highest prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) ever reported in 13 years of global data collection, the countries of the former Soviet Union face a “serious and widespread epidemic” of MDR-TB, according to an international team of scientists with the Global Project on Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Surveillance (Wright A et al. Lancet. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60331-7 [published online April 15, 2009]).