Medical problems facing children are distinct in many ways from those of adults, and for this reason, their evaluation, management, and outcome assessment must be given special consideration. Decades ago, pediatric care focused on morbidities associated with acute infection or chronic illness lacking specific treatment, whereas, today, care of children must increasingly address the biological and social causes of chronic disease.1 Childhood obesity has become a clear example of this new type of challenge, requiring that the full biopsychosocial context of a disease be considered in daily care of the patient.