On November 17, 2016, the Office of the Surgeon General released Facing Addiction in America: The Surgeon General’s Report on Alcohol, Drugs, and Health.1 Because the first surgeon general’s report is focused on substance misuse, substance use disorders, and related harms, substance use disorders is placed in a public health framework rather than in a criminal justice framework. The report is a response to one of the most pressing public health issues in the United States.