In the October 2016 issue of JAMA Ophthalmology, Sala-Vila and colleagues1 reported findings from the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) showing that among older individuals with type 2 diabetes, dietary intake of at least 500 mg/d of long-chain ω-3 fatty acids (2 weekly servings of fish) was associated with a nearly 50% relative risk reduction for vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy, defined as requiring treatment with laser, vitrectomy, or intravitreal injections of anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents. PREDIMED included patients at high risk for developing cardiovascular disease randomized to receive 1 of 3 diets: a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil, a Mediterranean diet supplemented with mixed nuts (combination of walnuts, hazelnuts, and almonds), or a low-fat control diet.2 Participants assigned to the 2 Mediterranean diets had an approximately 30% reduction in cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes) vs those in the low-fat control diet (3.4% mortality in the Mediterranean diet with nuts group, 3.4% for the Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil group, and 4.4% in the control diet group at 4.8 years).