The US health care system requires major changes to make health care more affordable and higher quality. In the decade since passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), alternative payment models have become central to this effort. These models are designed to replace existing fee-for-service payments with a reimbursement structure that provides incentive for high-quality and cost-effective care—so-called value-based care. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services has introduced several alternative payment models, each with a particular focus, such as Comprehensive Primary Care Plus for primary care and the oncology care model for patients with cancer.