Priapism (an erection lasting >4 hours) results in 5.3 emergency department visits per 100 000 patient-years in the US.1,2 Acute ischemic priapism (IP) is an emergent condition requiring urgent intervention within 6 to 12 hours of onset to prevent permanent erectile dysfunction, penile fibrosis, and penile shortening.3 Up to 42% of men with SCD experience priapism during their lifetime.4 This guideline describes approaches to diagnosis and management of IP and NIP, including in men with hematologic and oncologic disorders.