Although the syndrome of abdominal angina has been recognized occasionally for many years, it is seldom diagnosed before death or operation for mesenteric thrombosis. The condition usually occurs in patients of the arteriosclerotic age group. Outstanding symptoms include postprandial pain, weight loss, and constipation. Gastrointestinal studies may be negative or may show evidence of impaired intestinal motility, excessive fat in the feces, and occult blood. Aortography with exposure of the visceral vessels in the lateral projection provides definitive diagnosis and affords clear visualization of the proximal and segmental character of the occlusive process. Revascularization of the celiac and superior mesenteric arteries by arterial reconstructive procedures is important not only to alleviate symptoms but to prevent mesenteric thrombosis and death.