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The legislature of Oregon has enacted a law, under which every practitioner of medicine and surgery is required to obtain a certificate from the State Board of Examiners that he is a graduate of a medical institution in good standing, to entitle him to practice his profession; or, if he is not a graduate, that he has been found, upon examination by the board, to be qualified to practice medicine or surgery; or that he was a practitioner of medicine or surgery, and was so engaged at the passage of the act; and the law also provides that any person practicing medicine or surgery without obtaining such certificate shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and punishable by a fine or imprisonment or both, in the discretion of court.
This law was attacked upon the ground that it was unconstitutional (1) because it discriminates between the citizens of Oregon by