January 25, 2022, Vol 327, No. 4, Pages 305-401

In This Issue of JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(4):e2116822. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.16822

Audio Editors' Summary: Myocarditis After mRNA-Based COVID-19 Vaccination, Third Dose of BNT161b2 Vaccine and SARS-CoV-2 Infection Incidence, Penetrance of Deleterious Clinical Variants, and more

Original Investigation

Myocarditis Cases Reported After mRNA-Based COVID-19 Vaccination in the US From December 2020 to August 2021

Matthew E. Oster, MD, MPH; David K. Shay, MD, MPH; John R. Su, MD, PhD, MPH; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(4):331-340. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.24110

This descriptive study compares the effect of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination with BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vs mRNA-1273 (Moderna) on the reported cases of myocarditis in the US after each vaccination dose.

Association of a Third Dose of BNT162b2 Vaccine With Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Health Care Workers in Israel

Avishay Spitzer, MD; Yoel Angel, MD, MBA; Or Marudi, MSc; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(4):341-349. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23641

This cohort study estimates the association of a BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine booster dose with SARS-CoV-2 infections among health care workers in Israel previously vaccinated with a 2-dose series of BNT162b2.

Editorial
Booster Vaccination to Reduce SARS-CoV-2 Transmission and Infection
Anna Wald, MD, MPH

Population-Based Penetrance of Deleterious Clinical Variants

Iain S. Forrest, BS; Kumardeep Chaudhary, PhD; Ha My T. Vy, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(4):350-359. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23686

This study uses data from 2 large electronic health record–linked biobanks to estimate variant penetrance.

Research Letter

Hip Fracture Surgery Volumes Among Individuals 65 Years and Older During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Kanu Okike, MD, MPH; Priscilla H. Chan, MS; Ronald A. Navarro, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(4):387-388. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23761

This study assesses hip fracture surgery volumes among older individuals in California during the pandemic compared with prepandemic rates.

Aspirin Use for Preeclampsia Prevention Among Women With Prepregnancy Diabetes, Obesity, and Hypertension

Joel G. Ray, MD, MSc; Kasim E. Abdulaziz, MSc; Howard Berger, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(4):388-390. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.22749

This study estimates aspirin use for preeclampsia prevention in pregnant women with prepregnancy diabetes, obesity, chronic hypertension, and combinations of these factors in 2018-2020.

US Preventive Services Task Force

Recommendation Statement

Screening for Atrial Fibrillation: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

US Preventive Services Task Force

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(4):360-367. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23732

This 2022 Recommendation Statement from the US Preventive Services Task Force concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for AF (I statement).

Audio Author Interview: USPSTF Recommendation: Screening for Atrial Fibrillation

Editorial
Updated USPSTF Guidelines for Screening for Atrial Fibrillation: Same as It Ever Was?
Rod Passman, MD, MSCE; Ben Freedman, MBBS, PhD
- Audio Author Interview: USPSTF Recommendation: Screening for Atrial Fibrillation
Screening for Atrial Fibrillation—Refining the Target
Matthew M. Kalscheur, MD; Zachary D. Goldberger, MD, MS
Screening for Atrial Fibrillation—More Data Still Needed
Philip Greenland, MD
- Audio Author Interview: USPSTF Recommendation: Screening for Atrial Fibrillation
Screening for Atrial Fibrillation—New Devices, Same Challenges
John Mandrola, MD; Andrew Foy, MD
- Audio Author Interview: USPSTF Recommendation: Screening for Atrial Fibrillation

Evidence Report

Screening for Atrial Fibrillation: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force

Leila C. Kahwati, MD, MPH; Gary N. Asher, MD, MPH; Zachary O. Kadro, ND; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(4):368-383. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.21811

This systematic review to support the 2022 US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement on screening for atrial fibrillation (AF) summarizes published evidence on the benefits and harms of screening and anticoagulant therapy among asymptomatic persons without known AF or prior stroke.

Audio Author Interview: USPSTF Recommendation: Screening for Atrial Fibrillation

Editorial
Updated USPSTF Guidelines for Screening for Atrial Fibrillation: Same as It Ever Was?
Rod Passman, MD, MSCE; Ben Freedman, MBBS, PhD
- Audio Author Interview: USPSTF Recommendation: Screening for Atrial Fibrillation
Screening for Atrial Fibrillation—Refining the Target
Matthew M. Kalscheur, MD; Zachary D. Goldberger, MD, MS
Screening for Atrial Fibrillation—More Data Still Needed
Philip Greenland, MD
- Audio Author Interview: USPSTF Recommendation: Screening for Atrial Fibrillation
Screening for Atrial Fibrillation—New Devices, Same Challenges
John Mandrola, MD; Andrew Foy, MD
- Audio Author Interview: USPSTF Recommendation: Screening for Atrial Fibrillation

Viewpoint

Diagnostic Excellence

The Rational Diagnostician and Achieving Diagnostic Excellence

Pat Croskerry, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(4):317-318. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.24988

This Viewpoint outlines approaches to successfully make clinical diagnoses, including coaching medical students in critical thinking and decision-making, promoting interdisciplinary teamwork, and mitigating judgment and decision-making biases.

Winter of Omicron—The Evolving COVID-19 Pandemic

Carlos del Rio, MD; Saad B. Omer, MBBS, MPH, PhD; Preeti N. Malani, MD, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(4):319-320. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.24315

This Viewpoint discusses the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2, including its likely origin, the importance of vaccination, the other tools available to combat a surge in COVID-19 cases, and the possibility of a “twindemic” with influenza.

Audio Author Interview: COVID-19 Update: Omicron Variant

Shifting to Serious Illness Communication

Juliet Jacobsen, MD; Rachelle Bernacki, MD; Joanna Paladino, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(4):321-322. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23695

This Viewpoint focuses on an emerging intervention, serious illness communication, and describes its components, presents evidence supporting the approach, and discusses areas for further research.

The Dysfunctional Health Benefits Market and Implications for US Employers and Employees

David Scheinker, PhD; Arnold Milstein, MD; Kevin Schulman, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(4):323-324. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23258

This Viewpoint discusses addressing the problems in the health benefits market, which contribute to wage stagnation and rising economic inequality.

A Piece of My Mind

Poppy’s Final Lesson

Nickolas Fouladpour, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(4):325-326. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.24576

In this narrative medicine essay, a critical care physician recounts his final visit with his dying grandfather and how the experience helped inform his view of medicine as he began a fellowship in palliative medicine.

Editorial

Booster Vaccination to Reduce SARS-CoV-2 Transmission and Infection

Anna Wald, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(4):327-328. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23726

Screening for Atrial Fibrillation—More Data Still Needed

Philip Greenland, MD

Abstract Full Text

free access has audio

JAMA. 2022;327(4):329-330. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23727

Audio Author Interview: USPSTF Recommendation: Screening for Atrial Fibrillation

Editorial
Updated USPSTF Guidelines for Screening for Atrial Fibrillation: Same as It Ever Was?
Rod Passman, MD, MSCE; Ben Freedman, MBBS, PhD
- Audio Author Interview: USPSTF Recommendation: Screening for Atrial Fibrillation
Screening for Atrial Fibrillation—Refining the Target
Matthew M. Kalscheur, MD; Zachary D. Goldberger, MD, MS
Screening for Atrial Fibrillation—New Devices, Same Challenges
John Mandrola, MD; Andrew Foy, MD
- Audio Author Interview: USPSTF Recommendation: Screening for Atrial Fibrillation

From The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics

Tixagevimab and Cilgavimab (Evusheld) for Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis of COVID-19

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(4):384-385. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.24931

This Medical Letter review summarizes the use of tixagevimab and cilgavimab (Evusheld), investigational long-acting monoclonal antibodies to be administered concomitantly by intramuscular injection for preexposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 in persons aged 12 years or older.

Medical News & Perspectives

Highlights From the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions—ApoB as a Risk Marker, an Oral PCSK9 Inhibitor, and Aspirin and Dementia

Jennifer Abbasi

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(4):310-312. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.21397

Timely topics discussed at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions in November 2021 included using apolipoprotein B to predict the risk of future myocardial infarction.