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September 14, 2021, Vol 326, No. 10, Pages 889-984

In This Issue of JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text
free access online only has audio
JAMA. 2021;326(10):e2018121. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.18121
  • Audio Editors' Summary: Camrelizumab for Advanced-Stage Esophageal Cancer, Urate-Elevating Inosine for Early Parkinson Disease, Low- vs High-Normal Oxygen Targets in the ICU, and more
Original Investigation

Effect of Camrelizumab vs Placebo Added to Chemotherapy on Survival and Progression-Free Survival in Patients With Advanced or Metastatic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: The ESCORT-1st Randomized Clinical Trial

Huiyan Luo, MD, PhD; Jin Lu, BS; Yuxian Bai, MD; et al.
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;326(10):916-925. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.12836

This clinical trial compares overall and progression-free survival of patients with advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma randomized to camrelizumab plus chemotherapy or to placebo plus chemotherapy.

Effect of Urate-Elevating Inosine on Early Parkinson Disease Progression: The SURE-PD3 Randomized Clinical Trial

The Parkinson Study Group SURE-PD3 Investigators
Abstract Full Text
has active quiz
JAMA. 2021;326(10):926-939. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.10207

This randomized clinical trial assesses whether sustained urate-elevating treatment with the urate precursor inosine, compared with placebo, slows rate of clinical disease progression among patients with early Parkinson disease.

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

Effect of Low-Normal vs High-Normal Oxygenation Targets on Organ Dysfunction in Critically Ill Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Harry Gelissen, MD, MBA; Harm-Jan de Grooth, MD, PhD; Yvo Smulders, MD, PhD; et al.
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;326(10):940-948. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.13011

This clinical trial compares the effectiveness of a low-normal Pao2 target vs a high-normal Pao2 target to reduce organ dysfunction in critically ill patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

Research Letter

Trends in Mortality From COVID-19 and Other Leading Causes of Death Among Latino vs White Individuals in Los Angeles County, 2011-2020

Paul Simon, MD; Alex Ho, MD; Megha D. Shah, MD; et al.
Abstract Full Text
free access has active quiz
JAMA. 2021;326(10):973-974. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.11945

This study compares age-adjusted mortality rates before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2011-2020) among Latino and White individuals living in Los Angeles County.

US Preventive Services Task Force

Recommendation Statement

Screening for Chlamydia and Gonorrhea: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

US Preventive Services Task Force
Abstract Full Text
free access has active quiz has audio
JAMA. 2021;326(10):949-956. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.14081

This 2021 Recommendation Statement from the US Preventive Services Task Force recommends that all sexually active women 24 years or younger and women 25 years or older at increased risk for infection be screened for chlamydia (B recommendation) and gonorrhea (B recommendation) and concludes that current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea in men (I statement).

Evidence Report

Screening for Chlamydial and Gonococcal Infections: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force

Amy Cantor, MD, MPH; Tracy Dana, MLS; Jessica C. Griffin, MS; et al.
Abstract Full Text
free access has audio
JAMA. 2021;326(10):957-966. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.10577

This systematic review to support the 2021 US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement on screening for chlamydial and gonococcal infections summarizes published evidence on the benefits and harms of screening for chlamydial and gonococcal infection in adults and adolescents, including those who are pregnant.

Viewpoint

Making Vaccines Available to Other Countries Before Offering Domestic Booster Vaccinations

G. Owen Schaefer, DPhil; R. J. Leland, PhD; Ezekiel J. Emanuel, MD, PhD
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2021;326(10):903-904. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.13226

This Viewpoint highlights countries with higher concentrations of COVID-19–vaccinated residents and and excess vaccine supply vs those without, and it emphasizes the clinical and ethical reasons for prioritizing distribution of excess vaccine to underserved countries instead of keeping it for booster administration.

Setting the Stage for the Next 10 Years of Health Care Payment Innovation

Bob Kocher, MD; Rahul Rajkumar, MD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;326(10):905-906. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.13153

This Viewpoint describes 4 health policy strategies that could help lead to improvements in cost and quality in the US health care system.

Private Equity and Health Care Delivery: Value-Based Payment as a Guardrail?

Brian W. Powers, MD, MBA; William H. Shrank, MD, MSHS; Amol S. Navathe, MD, PhD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;326(10):907-908. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.13197

This Viewpoint considers how payment models may dictate the nature of private equity investment in health care delivery and how these investments may affect health care access, quality, equity, and affordability.

A Piece of My Mind

Preventing a Pandemic's Toll—We've Been Here Before

Abigail Zuger, MD
Abstract Full Text
free access has active quiz
JAMA. 2021;326(10):909-910. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.14402

In this narrative medicine essay, an infectious diseases physician recalls the reluctance of some patients with AIDS who feared taking antiretroviral medications, offering the same arguments being raised for refusing COVID vaccinations, and suggests that story telling may be a compelling way to convince people to be vaccinated.

Editorial

Titrating Oxygen Therapy in Critically Ill Patients

Martin Urner, MD; Carolyn S. Calfee, MD, MAS; Eddy Fan, MD, PhD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;326(10):911-913. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.9843

Screening for Chlamydia and Gonorrhea

Jeanne Marrazzo, MD, MPH; Jodie Dionne-Odom, MD, MSPH
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2021;326(10):913-915. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.14773
JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods

Estimands, Estimators, and Estimates

Roderick J. Little, PhD; Roger J. Lewis, MD, PhD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;326(10):967-968. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.2886

This JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods takes a look at estimands, estimators, and estimates in the context of randomized clinical trials and suggests several qualities that make for good estimands, including their scope, ability to summarize treatment effects, external validity, and ability to provide good estimates.

JAMA Insights

Pulmonary Rehabilitation in 2021

Carolyn L. Rochester, MD; Martijn A. Spruit, PT, PhD; Anne E. Holland, PT, PhD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;326(10):969-970. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.6560

This JAMA Insights Clinical Update provides an overview of pulmonary rehabilitation, including patient candidacy, the process and components, and expected outcomes.

Medical News & Perspectives

Influenza’s Unprecedented Low Profile During COVID-19 Pandemic Leaves Experts Wondering What This Flu Season Has in Store

Rita Rubin, MA
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2021;326(10):899-900. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.14131

This Medical News feature examines potential scenarios about how severe the upcoming flu season might be, given the dearth of influenza worldwide since the COVID-19 pandemic began.

News From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Adolescent Myocarditis After COVID-19 Vaccination Is Rare

Bridget M. Kuehn, MSJ
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2021;326(10):902. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.14237

Severe Tuberculosis Surged After Shelter-in-Place Lifted

Bridget M. Kuehn, MSJ
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2021;326(10):902. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.14683
Biotech Innovations

SARS-CoV-2 Variant Antibodies Wane 6 Months After Vaccination

Jennifer Abbasi
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2021;326(10):901. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.15115

Potential New Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitor Partner for Lung Cancer

Jennifer Abbasi
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2021;326(10):901. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.14765

Point-of-Care SARS-CoV-2 Variant Diagnostic in Development

Jennifer Abbasi
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2021;326(10):901. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.15116
Poetry and Medicine

Taxonomy of the Oaks

Matthew Joel Goodman, MD
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2021;326(10):980. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.10293
JAMA Revisited

The Fad for Pseudoscience: Pertinent Queries and Musings

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2021;326(10):981. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.18122
JAMA Patient Page

Screening for Chlamydia and Gonorrhea

Jill Jin, MD, MPH
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2021;326(10):984. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.14770

This JAMA Patient Page summarizes the US Preventive Services Task Force’s recent recommendations on screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea in adolescents and adults.

Comment & Response

Poloxamer 188 vs Placebo for Painful Vaso-occlusive Episodes in Children and Adults With Sickle Cell Disease

Marcel J. H. Kenter, PhD; Adam F. Cohen, MD, PhD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;326(10):974-975. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.11097

Poloxamer 188 vs Placebo for Painful Vaso-occlusive Episodes in Children and Adults With Sickle Cell Disease

Umut A. Gurkan, PhD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;326(10):975. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.11100

Poloxamer 188 vs Placebo for Painful Vaso-occlusive Episodes in Children and Adults With Sickle Cell Disease—Reply

James F. Casella, MD; Shari S. Kronsberg, MS; Rebecca T. Gorney, MS
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;326(10):975-976. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.11103

A Review of the Diagnosis and Management of Headache

James T. Langland, MD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;326(10):976. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.11373

A Review of the Diagnosis and Management of Headache

Adam G. Evans, MD; Patrick E. Assi, MD; Salam Al Kassis, MD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;326(10):977. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.11376

A Review of the Diagnosis and Management of Headache

Alexandre Valotta da Silva, MD, PhD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;326(10):977. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.11370

A Review of the Diagnosis and Management of Headache—Reply

Matthew S. Robbins, MD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;326(10):977-978. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.11379
Correction

Percentage Incorrect in 2 Places

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2021;326(10):978. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.13853

Disclosures Added to Medical News Story

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2021;326(10):978. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.14538
JAMA Masthead

JAMA

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2021;326(10):889-890. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.18119

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