JAMA

• Editor in Chief Howard Bauchner, MD

• Executive Editor Phil B. Fontanarosa, MD, MBA

• Deputy Editors Michael Berkwits, MD, MSCE (Electronic Editor), Gregory Curfman, MD (Author Outreach), Robert M. Golub, MD (Scientific Content), Edward H. Livingston, MD (Clinical Reviews and Education), Jody W. Zylke, MD (Letters Editor)

• Executive Managing Editor Annette Flanagin

• Managing Editor Stacy L. Christiansen

• Senior Editors Philip Greenland, MD, Demetrios N. Kyriacou, MD, PhD, Mary McGrae McDermott, MD, Christopher C. Muth, MD

• Associate Editors Derek C. Angus, MD, MPH, Ethan Basch, MD, Charlene Breedlove, Linda Brubaker, MD, Anne Rentoumis Cappola, MD, ScM, Thomas B. Cole, MD, MPH, Carolyn J. Crandall, MD, MS, W. Gregory Feero, MD, PhD, Donald C. Goff, MD, Jill Jin, MD, Karen E. Joynt Maddox, MD, MPH, Preeti N. Malani, MD, MSJ, David H. Mark, MD, MPH, George T. O’Connor, MD, MS, Eric D. Peterson, MD, MPH, Richard Saitz, MD, MPH, Jeffrey L. Saver, MD, Deborah Schrag, MD, MPH, David Schriger, MD, MPH, Wolfgang C. Winkelmayer, MD, MPH, ScD

• Statistical Reviewers Lars W. Andersen, MD, PhD, MPH, Thomas D. Koepsell, MD, MPH, Roger J. Lewis, MD, PhD, Matthew L. Maciejewski, PhD, Christopher J. Paciorek, PhD, Michael J. Pencina, PhD, Denise M. Scholtens, PhD, Naomi Vaisrub, PhD, Joseph S. Wislar, MS, Alan B. Zonderman, PhD

• Fishbein Fellow Dara Grennan, MD

• Legal and Global Health Correspondent Lawrence O. Gostin, JD

• Medical News & Perspectives Feyza Sancar, PhD (editor); Rebecca Voelker, MSJ (associate managing editor); Jennifer Abbasi, Rita Rubin (senior staff writers); Joan Stephenson, PhD (consulting editor)

• Assistant Editors Kate Pezalla, Jennifer Reiling

• Manuscript Editing Miriam Y. Cintron (assistant managing editor); Emily A. Greenhow, Joy K. Jaeger, Phil Sefton, Beverly Stewart (senior manuscript editors); Kim S. P. Campbell, Nicole FioRito (manuscript editors); Cara Wallace (freelance manuscript editor)

• Editorial Graphics Karen Bucher, Andy Rekito (managers and senior medical illustrators); Nicholas Reback (medical illustrator); David Song (editorial graphics coordinator)

• Digital Media Production Eric Butkus, Michelle Kurzynski (managers); Elena Guobyte, Emily Ling, Jesse McQuarters, Daniel Morrow (producers)

• Social Media Daniella Peting (manager); Reuben Rios (coordinator)

• Electronic Media Systems and Services Carrie Butt (supervisor); Mary Lynn Ferkaluk (assistant)

• Editorial Systems and Services Monica Mungle (director); Lee Calibeo (programmer analyst); Caroline Sietmann (author outreach administrator); Lenette Gardner-Gullens (electronic input supervisor); Fanny L. Brown, Tosca Hall, Angelia Waltower (electronic input assistants)

• Content Management System Larry Bryant (director); Erin Kato (systems administrator)

• Editorial Systems and Administration Jacob Kendall-Taylor (director); Rachell M. Lozano (configuration and support specialist); Anna Bukowski (systems specialist)

• Budgets and Administration Marla A. Hall (director); Cheryl Sykes (supervisor); Deanna Willis (executive assistant); Yolanda Davis (copyright/library services coordinator)

• Editorial Assistants Carmina Conley, Dawn Cortez, Audrey Forman, Gwenn Gregg, Lisa Hardin, Rosa E. Miranda, Lupe Morales, Gloria Tate, Gregory Toreev

• Editorial Counsel Joseph P. Thornton, JD

• Media Relations Deanna Bellandi (manager), Jim Michalski

• Donald M. Berwick, MD, MPP, Newton, Massachusetts

• Christine K. Cassel, MD, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

• Francisco G. Cigarroa, MD, San Antonio, Texas

• Carolyn M. Clancy, MD, Silver Spring, Maryland

• David M. Cutler, PhD, Cambridge, Massachusetts

• Ezekiel J. Emanuel, MD, PhD, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

• Roger I. Glass, MD, PhD, Bethesda, Maryland

• Lee Goldman, MD, MPH, New York, New York

• Howard K. Koh, MD, MPH, Boston, Massachusetts

• Elizabeth A. McGlynn, PhD, Pasadena, California

• Raina M. Merchant, MD, MSHP, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

• Steven E. Nissen, MD, Cleveland, Ohio

• Griffin Rodgers, MD, Bethesda, Maryland

• Joshua M. Sharfstein, MD, Baltimore, Maryland

• Harold C. Sox, MD, Hanover, New Hampshire

• John E. L. Wong, MBBS, Singapore

• Robert O. Bonow, MD, MS

  Editor, JAMA Cardiology

• Neil Bressler, MD

  Editor, JAMA Ophthalmology

• Dimitri Christakis, MD, MPH

  Editor, JAMA Pediatrics

• Mary L. (Nora) Disis, MD

  Editor, JAMA Oncology

• S. Andrew Josephson, MD

  Editor, JAMA Neurology

• Melina R. Kibbe, MD

  Editor, JAMA Surgery

• Dost Öngür, MD, PhD

  Editor, JAMA Psychiatry

• Jay F. Piccirillo, MD

  Editor, JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery

• Rita F. Redberg, MD, MSc

  Editor, JAMA Internal Medicine

• John S. Rhee, MD, MPH

  Editor, JAMA Facial Plastic Surgery

• Frederick P. Rivara, MD, MPH

  Editor, JAMA Network Open

• Kanade Shinkai, MD, PhD

  Editor, JAMA Dermatology

• Claire Pomeroy, MD, MBA (chair), New York, New York

• Brian D. Crawford, PhD, Washington, DC

• Vivian S. Lee, MD, PhD, MBA, Salt Lake City, Utah

• C. David Naylor, MD, DPhil, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

• Neil R. Powe, MD, MPH, MBA, San Francisco, California

• William W. Stead, MD, Nashville, Tennessee

• Modena Wilson, MD, MPH, Chicago, Illinois

• Nathan S. Davis, MD (1883-1888)

• John B. Hamilton, MD (1889, 1893-1898)

• John H. Hollister, MD (1889-1891)

• James C. Culbertson, MD (1891-1893)

• Truman W. Miller, MD (1899)

• George H. Simmons, MD (1899-1924)

• Morris Fishbein, MD (1924-1949)

• Austin Smith, MD (1949-1958)

• Johnson F. Hammond, MD (1958-1959)

• John H. Talbott, MD (1959-1969)

• Hugh H. Hussey, MD (1970-1973)

• Robert H. Moser, MD (1973-1975)

• William R. Barclay, MD (1975-1982)

• George D. Lundberg, MD (1982-1999)

• Catherine D. DeAngelis, MD, MPH (2000-2011), Editor in Chief Emerita

• Senior Vice President and Publisher, Periodical Publications Thomas J. Easley

• Vice President, Publishing Business Operations Brian Shields

• Vice President, Publishing Production Operations Karen Adams-Taylor

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• Staff Monica Smith

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• Composition and New Media Gail Barrett, Regina Brownlee, Amanda Camino, Brenda Chandler-Grayer, Emily Dunn, Amy Evers, Maleeka Holden, Teri Hutchison, Dan Knowles, Joshua Lampinen, Nathan Mitre, Patricia E. Panek, Marla Seidell, La'son Diggs Sledge, Julian Wiley

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• Marketing Elizabeth Solaro (director); Lindsay Dawson, Ellen Gibson, Michael McGraw (managers); Millette Jackson-Bates, Tom Miller (staff)

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• Executive Vice President, Chief Executive Officer James L. Madara, MD

• Chief Operating Officer Bernard L. Hengesbaugh

• President Barbara L. McAneny, MD

• President-Elect Patrice A. Harris, MD, MA

• Immediate Past President David O. Barbe, MD, MHA

• Secretary Russell W.H. Kridel, MD

• Speaker, House of Delegates Susan R. Bailey, MD

• Vice-Speaker, House of Delegates Bruce A. Scott, MD

• Trustees Willarda V. Edwards, MD, MBA; Jesse M. Ehrenfeld, MD, MPH (chair-elect); E. Scott Ferguson, MD; Sandra A. Fryhofer, MD; Gerald E. Harmon, MD (immediate past chair); William E. Kobler, MD; William A. McDade, MD, PhD; Mario E. Motta, MD; S. Bobby Mukkamala, MD; Albert J. Osbahr III, MD; Jack Resneck Jr, MD (chair); Ryan J. Ribeira, MD, MPH; Karthik V. Sarma, MS; Georgia A. Tuttle, MD; Kevin W. Williams, MSA

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