June 26, 2013, Vol 309, No. 24, Pages 2515-2608

Nishihara and coauthors examined data from the National Nurses’ Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, which involved 127 865 individuals for approximately 3.2 million person-years, to determine whether the association of aspirin intake with colorectal cancer risk differs according to status of tumor BRAF oncogene mutation. In an editorial, Pasche elaborates on their findings.

Joynt and coauthors measured the proportion of acute care hospital and emergency department costs deemed preventable among high-cost patients in a sample of 1 114 469 Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years or older. Carroll and Frakt provide comment in an editorial.

To document the health care needs and health risks of uninsured low-income adults who could gain Medicaid coverage under the Affordable Care Act, Decker and coauthors analyzed and compared health conditions among uninsured lowincome adults and adults enrolled in Medicaid. Carroll and Frakt provide comment in the related Editorial.

Using SEER-Medicare data for men diagnosed with prostate cancer between 2004 and 2009, Jacobs and coauthors investigate the use of advanced treatment technologies (ie, intensity-modulated radiotherapy and robotic prostatectomy), as opposed to prior standards (ie, traditional external beam radiation treatment and open radical prostatectomy) and observation.