October 13, 2015, Vol 314, No. 14, Pages 1421-1534

In This Issue of JAMA

Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2015;314(14):1421-1423. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.12019

Audio Editors' Summary: RCT of physical therapy for low back pain, review of pericarditis, opioid use disorders in the US, and more.

Original Investigation

Early Physical Therapy vs Usual Care in Patients With Recent-Onset Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Julie M. Fritz, PhD, PT; John S. Magel, PhD, PT; Molly McFadden, MS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2015;314(14):1459-1467. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.11648

This randomized trial evaluates whether early physical therapy is more effective than usual care for improving disability in patients with recent-onset low back pain.

Nonmedical Prescription Opioid Use and Use Disorders Among Adults Aged 18 Through 64 Years in the United States, 2003-2013

Beth Han, MD, PhD, MPH; Wilson M. Compton, MD, MPE; Christopher M. Jones, PharmD, MPH; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2015;314(14):1468-1478. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.11859

This population epidemiology study uses national survey data to characterize national trends in prescription opioid use and opiod use disorders and related mortality.

Editorial
Addressing the Opioid Epidemic
Lewis S. Nelson, MD; David N. Juurlink, MD, PhD; Jeanmarie Perrone, MD

JAMA

Epidemiology of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in 7 US Communities, 2012-2013

Alice Y. Guh, MD, MPH; Sandra N. Bulens, MPH; Yi Mu, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2015;314(14):1479-1487. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.12480

This population epidemiology study characterizes the incidence, clinical characteristics, and resistance mechanisms of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolated from patients who received care in 7 US metropolitan areas between 2012 and 2013.

Editorial
Measuring Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the United States: A Critical Step for Control
Mary K. Hayden, MD

JAMA

Association Between Hospitalization With Community-Acquired Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Pneumonia and Prior Receipt of Influenza Vaccination

Carlos G. Grijalva, MD, MPH; Yuwei Zhu, MD, MS; Derek J. Williams, MD, MPH; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2015;314(14):1488-1497. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.12160

This case-control study investigates the association between influenza vaccination and subsequent hospitalization for community-acquired influenza pneumonia.

Audio Author Interview: Influenza Pneumonia Hospitalization and Prior Influenza Vaccination

Research Letter

Changes in Substance Abuse Treatment Use Among Individuals With Opioid Use Disorders in the United States, 2004-2013

Brendan Saloner, PhD; Shankar Karthikeyan, MPP

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2015;314(14):1515-1517. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.10345

This study used National Survey of Drug Use and Health data to assess substance use treatment trends among individuals aged 12 years or older with opioid use disorders.

Editorial
Addressing the Opioid Epidemic
Lewis S. Nelson, MD; David N. Juurlink, MD, PhD; Jeanmarie Perrone, MD

JAMA

Viewpoint

New Therapies in the Treatment of High Cholesterol: An Argument to Return to Goal-Based Lipid Guidelines

William H. Shrank, MD, MSHS; Jane F. Barlow, MD, MPH; Troyen A. Brennan, MD, JD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;314(14):1443-1444. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.10017

This Viewpoint discusses the need to achieve consensus around management strategies for patients with hyperlipidemia when proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK-9) inhibitors enter the marketplace.

Value-Based Payments Require Valuing What Matters to Patients

Joanne Lynn, MD, MA, MS; Aaron McKethan, PhD; Ashish K. Jha, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;314(14):1445-1446. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.8909

This Viewpoint emphasizes the inclusion of actual patient values in developing an effective value-based payment system.

Obstacles to Developing Cost-Lowering Health Technology: The Inventor’s Dilemma

Arthur L. Kellermann, MD, MPH; Nihar R. Desai, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;314(14):1447-1448. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.10114

This Viewpoint discusses obstacles and policy options for the development and adoption of cost-lowering health technologies in the United States.

Health Care Scheduling and Access: A Report From the IOM

Gary S. Kaplan, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;314(14):1449-1450. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.9431

This Viewpoint discusses the importance of timeliness in quality of health care and summarizes strategies for improving wait times and access to care.

A Piece of My Mind

Armchairs and Bow Ties

Sara Catherine LaHue, BA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;314(14):1451-1452. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.7651

Editorial

Addressing the Opioid Epidemic

Lewis S. Nelson, MD; David N. Juurlink, MD, PhD; Jeanmarie Perrone, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;314(14):1453-1454. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.12397

Measuring Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the United States: A Critical Step for Control

Mary K. Hayden, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;314(14):1455-1456. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.11629

JAMA Cardiology: A New Member of the JAMA Network Family of Journals

Robert O. Bonow, MD; Thomas J. Easley; Howard Bauchner, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2015;314(14):1457-1458. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.12867

Review

Evaluation and Treatment of Pericarditis: A Systematic Review

Massimo Imazio, MD; Fiorenzo Gaita, MD; Martin LeWinter, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;314(14):1498-1506. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.12763

This systematic review summarizes published evidence on the causes, diagnosis, therapy, prevention, and prognosis of pericarditis.

From the JAMA Network

Alternative Tobacco Products as a Second Front in the War on Tobacco

Stephen M. Amrock, MD, SM; Michael Weitzman, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;314(14):1507-1508. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.11394

This commentary discusses the regulatory implications of the association between early use by youth of alternative tobacco products, such as water pipe tobacco and snus, and later cigarette smoking, as reported in a cohort study published in JAMA Pediatrics.

JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis

Glycemic Control in Older Adults With Diabetes Mellitus

Elbert S. Huang, MD, MPH; Andrew M. Davis, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;314(14):1509-1510. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.8345

This JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis summarizes the 2013 updates to the American Geriatrics Society’s guideline for improving the care of older adults with diabetes.

Medical News & Perspectives

Exercise and Gardening Programs as Tools to Reduce Community Violence

Julie A. Jacob, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;314(14):1435-1437. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.9002

This Medical News and Perspectives piece introduces some of the public health initiatives aimed at mitigating community violence by creating safe common spaces where residents can participate in physical fitness and urban gardening.

The JAMA Forum