May 24/31, 2016, Vol 315, No. 20, Pages 2143-2248

In This Issue of JAMA

Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;315(20):2143-2145. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.14279

Audio Editors' Summary: Endobronchial coils for COPD, timing of dialysis for AKI in the ICU, sodium excretion and CVD, neighborhood walkability, and more

Original Investigation

Effect of Endobronchial Coils vs Usual Care on Exercise Tolerance in Patients With Severe Emphysema: The RENEW Randomized Clinical Trial

Frank C. Sciurba, MD; Gerard J. Criner, MD; Charlie Strange, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;315(20):2178-2189. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6261

This randomized clinical trial compares the effectiveness and safety of bilateral endobronchial coil treatment vs usual care for improving exercise tolerance among patients with emphysema and severe lung hyperinflation.

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

Effect of Early vs Delayed Initiation of Renal Replacement Therapy on Mortality in Critically Ill Patients With Acute Kidney Injury: The ELAIN Randomized Clinical Trial

Alexander Zarbock, MD; John A. Kellum, MD; Christoph Schmidt, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;315(20):2190-2199. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.5828

This randomized clinical trial compares the effects of early vs delayed initiation of renal replacement therapy on 90-day all-cause mortality among critically ill patients with AKI.

Editorial
Early to Dialyze: Healthy and Wise?
Glenn M. Chertow, MD, MPH; Wolfgang C. Winkelmayer, MD, MPH, ScD

Sodium Excretion and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Katherine T. Mills, PhD; Jing Chen, MD; Wei Yang, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;315(20):2200-2210. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.4447

This cohort study investigates the association between urinary sodium excretion and heart failure, myocardial infarction, and stroke in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Editorial
Dietary Salt, Kidney Disease, and Cardiovascular Health
Neil R. Powe, MD, MPH, MBA; Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS

Association of Neighborhood Walkability With Change in Overweight, Obesity, and Diabetes

Maria I. Creatore, PhD; Richard H. Glazier, MD; Rahim Moineddin, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;315(20):2211-2220. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.5898

This population epidemiology study uses Canadian national health care and census data to estimate changes in overweight/obesity and diabetes prevalence by neighborhood walkability index between 2001 and 2012.

Audio Author Interview: Neighborhood Walkability, Weight, and Diabetes

Editorial
Can Walkable Urban Design Play a Role in Reducing the Incidence of Obesity-Related Conditions?
Andrew G. Rundle, DrPH; Steven B. Heymsfield, MD

Research Letter

Treatment Indications for Antidepressants Prescribed in Primary Care in Quebec, Canada, 2006-2015

Jenna Wong, MSc; Aude Motulsky, PhD; Tewodros Eguale, MD, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;315(20):2230-2232. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.3445

This pharmacoepidemiology study uses national Canadian electronic medical record data to describe treatment indications for antidepressants and temporal trends in antidepressant prescribing for depression in Quebec, Canada, from 2006 through 2015.

Viewpoint

Innovations in Health Care Delivery

Development and Implementation of Expected Practices to Reduce Inappropriate Variations in Clinical Practice

S. Monica Soni, MD; Paul Giboney, MD; Hal F. Yee Jr, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2163-2164. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.4255

This Viewpoint describes approaches taken by the Los Angeles Department of Health Services to reduce clinical practice variaton across the system.

A Stronger Treatment System for Opioid Use Disorders

Brendan Saloner, PhD; Joshua Sharfstein, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2165-2166. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.3674

This Viewpoint proposes health care delivery and infrastructure reforms that would strengthen the US treatment system for opioid use disorders.

Measurement of the Patient Experience: Clarifying Facts, Myths, and Approaches

Lemeneh Tefera, MD, MSc; William G. Lehrman, PhD; Patrick Conway, MD, MSc

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2167-2168. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.1652

In this Viewpoint, Medicare administrators describe the intended role and proper use of its Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) survey as a measure of patients' hospital-based experience.

A Piece of My Mind

Black Lives

Jeremy O’Connor, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2169-2170. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.1689

Editorial

Early to Dialyze: Healthy and Wise?

Glenn M. Chertow, MD, MPH; Wolfgang C. Winkelmayer, MD, MPH, ScD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2171-2172. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6210

Dietary Salt, Kidney Disease, and Cardiovascular Health

Neil R. Powe, MD, MPH, MBA; Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2173-2174. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.5985

Can Walkable Urban Design Play a Role in Reducing the Incidence of Obesity-Related Conditions?

Andrew G. Rundle, DrPH; Steven B. Heymsfield, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2175-2177. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.5635

JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis

Tinnitus

David D. Walker, MD; Adam S. Cifu, MD; Michael B. Gluth, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2221-2222. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.5209

This JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis summarizes the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery’s 2014 clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and management of tinnitus.

JAMA Clinical Challenge

Persistent Rash in a Patient Receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition

Stacey A. Maskarinec, MD, PhD; Vance G. Fowler Jr, MD, MHS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2223-2224. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.4154

A 50-year old man receiving total parenteral nutrition presented with a desquamating rash on his face, scalp, inguinal region, and perineum as well as diffuse alopecia of the face, scalp, axillae, and groin. What would you do next?

JAMA Diagnostic Test Interpretation

Elevated Hemoglobin or Hematocrit Level

Robyn M. Scherber, MD, MPH; Ruben A. Mesa, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2225-2226. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.2435

A 71-year-old woman with recent fatigue and night sweats but no family history of blood disorders tested with an elevated hemoglobin level and a low-normal erythropoietin level. How do you interpret the test results?

Medical News & Perspectives

More Women With Breast Cancer Opt for Bilateral Mastectomy Despite Lack of Survival Benefit

Julie A. Jacob, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2154-2156. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.3584

This Medical News feature looks at why an increasing number of women with breast cancer are choosing contralateral prophylactic mastectomy, as well as approaches to improve the decision-making process for women considering their surgical options.

The JAMA Forum

Reports of Obamacare’s Demise Are Greatly Exaggerated

Larry Levitt, MPP

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;315(20):2156-2157. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6398

News From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Students’ Shifting Tobacco Habits

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2160. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.5968

Sleepy Teens Take More Risks

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2160. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6105

Clinical Trials Update

Gene Transfer Improves Heart Function in Patients With Heart Failure

Anita Slomski, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2159. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.5372

Best Way to Quit Smoking: Cold Turkey

Anita Slomski, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2159. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6211

CABG Delivers Survival Benefit in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy

Anita Slomski, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2159. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6212

Health Agencies Update

Single Question Can Identify Youth at Risk for Alcohol Use Disorder

Julie A. Jacob, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2158. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.5611

EPA Awards Climate Change Air Quality Grants

Julie A. Jacob, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2158. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6159

National Institutes of Health Awards Vaccine Adjuvant Grants

Julie A. Jacob, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2158. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6161

The Art of JAMA

A Rock on the Lukenia Hills: William R. Leigh

Jeanette M. Smith, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2150-2151. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.14281

Poetry and Medicine

Memorial Day

Audrey Shafer, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2238. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.4645

JAMA Revisited

Science and Practical Common Sense

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2239. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.17087

JAMA Patient Page

Chronic Kidney Disease

Aria A. Razmaria, MD, MSc

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;315(20):2248. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.1426

Comment & Response

Risk of Anaphylaxis With Intravenous Iron Products

Thomas G. DeLoughery, MD, MACP, FAWM

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2232. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.0962

Risk of Anaphylaxis With Intravenous Iron Products

Cunlin Wang, MD, PhD; Sarah Wong, MPH; David J. Graham, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2232-2233. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.0965

Intended vs Reported Scope of Practice

Masako Sugihara, MD, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2233-2234. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.1719

Intended vs Reported Scope of Practice—Reply

Anastasia J. Coutinho, MD, MHS; Robert L. Phillips Jr, MD, MSPH; Lars E. Peterson, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2234-2235. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.1727

Pimping as a Practice in Medical Education

Matthew Imm, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2235-2236. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.1568

Pimping as a Practice in Medical Education

Susan E. Crosby, NBCT

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2235. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.1574

Editorial
The Pedagogy of Pimping: Educational Rigor or Mistreatment?
Douglas R. Reifler, MD

Pimping as a Practice in Medical Education

Anita Ravi, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2236. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.1571

Editorial
The Pedagogy of Pimping: Educational Rigor or Mistreatment?
Douglas R. Reifler, MD

Pimping as a Practice in Medical Education—Reply

Cian P. McCarthy, MB, BCh, BAO; John W. McEvoy, MB, BCh, BAO, MHS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2236-2237. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.1580

Pimping as a Practice in Medical Education—Reply

Douglas Reifler, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(20):2237. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.1582

Editorial
The Pedagogy of Pimping: Educational Rigor or Mistreatment?
Douglas R. Reifler, MD

Correction

Incorrect Data

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;315(20):2237. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.5850

Incorrect Wording in Recommendations

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;315(20):2237. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.5851

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May 24/31, 2016, Vol 315, No. 20, Pages 2143-2248

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

Innovations in Health Care Delivery

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