February 16, 2016, Vol 315, No. 7, Pages 631-718

In This Issue of JAMA

Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;315(7):631-633. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.14110

Audio Editors' Summary: Screening for autism, outcomes after hospital readmission, interstitial lung abnormalities and mortality, and more

Original Investigation

In-Hospital Outcomes and Costs Among Patients Hospitalized During a Return Visit to the Emergency Department

Amber K. Sabbatini, MD, MPH; Keith E. Kocher, MD, MPH; Anirban Basu, PhD, MS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;315(7):663-671. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.0649

This cohort study uses Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project data to compare mortality and health services use among patients hospitalized during an initial emergency department (ED) visit vs those discharged from the ED and hospitalized during a second unscheduled visit.

Editorial
Ensuring the Quality of Quality Metrics for Emergency Care
James G. Adams, MD

JAMA

Association Between Interstitial Lung Abnormalities and All-Cause Mortality

Rachel K. Putman, MD; Hiroto Hatabu, MD, PhD; Tetsuro Araki, MD, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;315(7):672-681. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.0518

This study uses data from 4 population cohorts of people with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to investigate associations between interstitial lung abnormalities (identified by computed tomography) and all-cause mortality.

Screening Yield of HIV Antigen/Antibody Combination and Pooled HIV RNA Testing for Acute HIV Infection in a High-Prevalence Population

Philip J. Peters, MD; Emily Westheimer, MSc; Stephanie Cohen, MD, MPH; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;315(7):682-690. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.0286

This study compares the ability of an HIV antigen/antibody combination assay to detect acute HIV infection vs pooled HIV RNA testing in patients with a negative result for the rapid HIV test.

Research Letter

Salt and Sodium Intake in China

David B. Hipgrave, MBBS, PhD, FRACP; Suying Chang, MSc, PhD; Xiaowei Li, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;315(7):703-705. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.15816

This nutritional epidemiology study compares salt and sodium intake in China in 2000 and in 2009-2012.

Special Communication

USPSTF Recommendation Statement

Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Young Children: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Albert L. Siu, MD, MSPH; and the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;315(7):691-696. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.0018

This Recommendation Statement from the US Preventive Services Task Force concludes that current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children aged 18 to 30 months for whom no concerns of ASD have been raised by their parents or a clinician.

Audio Author Interview: Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Young Children

Editorial
JAMA Welcomes the US Preventive Services Task Force
Howard Bauchner, MD; Phil B. Fontanarosa, MD, MBA; Robert M. Golub, MD

JAMA
Embrace the Complexity: The US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation on Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorder
Michael Silverstein, MD, MPH; Jenny Radesky, MD

JAMA
Rigid, Inflexible Approach Results in No Recommendation for Autism Screening
Jeremy Veenstra-VanderWeele, MD; Kelly McGuire, MD, MPA

JAMA Psychiatry
Autism Screening or Smoke Screen and Mirrors?
Craig M. Powell, MD, PhD

JAMA Neurol
Why It’s Important to Continue Universal Autism Screening While Research Fully Examines Its Impact
Geraldine Dawson, PhD

JAMA Pediatr

Viewpoint

Innovations in Health Care Delivery

Integrating Predictive Analytics Into High-Value Care: The Dawn of Precision Delivery

Ravi B. Parikh, MD, MPP; Meetali Kakad, MD, MPH; David W. Bates, MD, MSc

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(7):651-652. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.19417

This Viewpoint discusses the use of electronic health record “big data” to integrate predictive analytics into clinical practice and future directions for using predictive analytics to achieve high-value health care.

Addressing Challenges to Implementation of the Contraceptive Coverage Guarantee of the Affordable Care Act

Mary C. Politi, PhD; Adam Sonfield, MPP; Tessa Madden, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(7):653-654. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.0204

This Viewpoint discusses the barriers women realizing full benefits of the Affordable Care Act’s no co-pay contraceptive coverage guarantee.

Aspirations and Strategies for Public Health

Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH; George J. Annas, JD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;315(7):655-656. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.0198

This Viewpoint discusses aspirations and strategies for public health that can help shape the resolve toward public health achievement in the remainder of the 21st century.

A Piece of My Mind

The Unreasonable Patient

Andrew Thurston, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(7):657-658. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.17059

Editorial

Ensuring the Quality of Quality Metrics for Emergency Care

James G. Adams, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(7):659-660. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.19484

Embrace the Complexity: The US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation on Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorder

Michael Silverstein, MD, MPH; Jenny Radesky, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;315(7):661-662. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.0051

JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis

Screening for Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Neda Laiteerapong, MD, MS; Adam S. Cifu, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(7):697-698. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.17545

This JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis summarizes the US Preventive Services Task Force’s (USPSTF’s) 2015 guideline on screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

JAMA Clinical Challenge

Hyperpigmented Reticulated Patch in an Older Man

Edward Bae, BA; Jeffrey M. Cohen, MD; Sarah C. Grudberg, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(7):699-700. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.17693

A 67-year-old man receiving rituximab for membranous nephropathy presented with volume overload and a hyperpigmented, gray-brown patch on his mid and lower back. He reported long-term use of a heating pad for chronic back pain but denied experiencing burns or thermal trauma. What would you do next?

Medical News & Perspectives

Despite Potential Health Benefits of Maternity Leave, US Lags Behind Other Industrialized Countries

Rita Rubin, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;315(7):643-645. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.18609

This Medical News & Perspectives article reports on maternity leave in the United States compared with other industrialized countries and how these practices affect the health of new mothers and their infants.

News From the Food and Drug Administration