September 27, 2016, Vol 316, No. 12, Pages 1233-1326

In This Issue of JAMA

Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;316(12):1233-1235. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.14497

Audio Editors' Summary: Time-to-thrombectomy and ischemic stroke outcomes, statins vs other LDL-lowering therapies for CV risk reduction, IV fluid resuscitation of shock, and more

Original Investigation

Innovations in Health Care Delivery

Association Between Hospital Participation in a Medicare Bundled Payment Initiative and Payments and Quality Outcomes for Lower Extremity Joint Replacement Episodes

Laura A. Dummit, MSPH; Daver Kahvecioglu, PhD; Grecia Marrufo, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;316(12):1267-1278. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.12717

This study evaluates whether the Bundled Payments for Care Improvement initiative of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services was associated with a greater reduction in Medicare payments without loss of quality of care for patients with lower extremity joint replacement.

Editorial
Medicare’s Bundled Payment Program for Joint Replacement: Promise and Peril?
Elliott S. Fisher, MD, MPH

Time to Treatment With Endovascular Thrombectomy and Outcomes From Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-analysis

Jeffrey L. Saver, MD; Mayank Goyal, MD; Aad van der Lugt, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;316(12):1279-1289. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.13647

This meta-analysis of trials comparing treatment of acute ischemic stroke with vs without endovascular thrombectomy characterizes the threshold time after which treatment is no longer beneficial.

Audio Author Interview: Endovascular Thrombectomy and Outcomes in Ischemic Stroke

Editorial
Endovascular Thrombectomy for Ischemic Stroke: The Second Quantum Leap in Stroke Systems of Care?
Steven Warach, MD, PhD; S. Claiborne Johnston, MD, PhD

Association Between Lowering LDL-C and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Among Different Therapeutic Interventions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Michael G. Silverman, MD; Brian A. Ference, MD, MPhil, MSc; Kyungah Im, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;316(12):1289-1297. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.13985

This meta-analysis compares the association between lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and cardiovascular risk reduction for statin vs nonstatin therapies that lower LDL-C.

Research Letter

Single-blind vs Double-blind Peer Review in the Setting of Author Prestige

Kanu Okike, MD, MPH; Kevin T. Hug, MD; Mininder S. Kocher, MD, MPH; et al.

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JAMA. 2016;316(12):1315-1316. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.11014

This study investigates whether bias with single-blind review is greatest in a setting of author or institutional prestige.

Viewpoint

Pathways for Oxygen Regulation and Homeostasis: The 2016 Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award

William G. Kaelin Jr, MD; Peter J. Ratcliffe, MD; Gregg L. Semenza, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;316(12):1252-1253. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.12386

In this Viewpoint, 2016 Lasker Award winners William Kaelin, Peter Ratcliffe, and Gregg Semenza discuss their discovery of pathways by which humans and other multicellular organisms sense and respond to changes in oxygen availability.

Hepatitis C Virus—From Discovery to Cure: The 2016 Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award

Ralf F. W. Bartenschlager, PhD; Charles M. Rice, PhD; Michael J. Sofia, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;316(12):1254-1255. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.13713

In this Viewpoint, 2016 Lasker Award winners Ralf Bartenschlager, Charles Rice, and Michael Sofia discuss their work developing a system to study the replication of hepatitis C virus and a class of antivirals to treat the infection.

Ensuring an Innovative and Productive Future for the Next Generation of Scientists: The 2016 Lasker-Koshland Special Achievement Award in Medical Science

Bruce Alberts, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;316(12):1256-1257. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.13884

In this Viewpoint, Lasker Award winner Bruce Albert discusses the current discouraging climate for young investigators seeking funding for basic science research, and the importance of incentivizing innovative research from young scientists.

Innovations in Health Care Delivery

The CMS Comprehensive Care Model and Racial Disparity in Joint Replacement

Said A. Ibrahim, MD, MPH, MBA; Hyunjee Kim, PhD; K. John McConnell, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;316(12):1258-1259. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.12330

This Viewpoint discusses possible effects of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid’s (CMS’s) 2016 comprehensive care for joint replacement payment model on racial disparities in joint replacement utilization.

A Piece of My Mind

It’s Time to Change the Rules

Paul S. Auerbach, MD, MS; William H. Waggoner II, BS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;316(12):1260-1261. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.8184

Editorial

Medicare’s Bundled Payment Program for Joint Replacement: Promise and Peril?

Elliott S. Fisher, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;316(12):1262-1264. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.12525

Endovascular Thrombectomy for Ischemic Stroke: The Second Quantum Leap in Stroke Systems of Care?

Steven Warach, MD, PhD; S. Claiborne Johnston, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;316(12):1265-1266. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.12266

The Rational Clinical Examination

Will This Hemodynamically Unstable Patient Respond to a Bolus of Intravenous Fluids?

Peter Bentzer, MD, PhD; Donald E. Griesdale, MD, MPH; John Boyd, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;316(12):1298-1309. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.12310

This Rational Clinical Examination systematic review summarizes studies that evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of tests for predicting fluid responsiveness in hemodynamically unstable adult patients to better identify patients who would benefit from further fluid administration.

Audio Author Interview: Fluid Resuscitation for Patients in Septic Shock

JAMA Clinical Evidence Synopsis

Blood Measurement of Carcinoembryonic Antigen Level for Detecting Recurrence of Colorectal Cancer

Brian D. Nicholson, MRCGP, MSc; Bethany Shinkins, DPhil; David Mant, FRCGP, FRCP, FMedSci

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;316(12):1310-1311. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.11212

This Clinical Evidence Synopsis summarizes a Cochrane review of clinical trials that characterize the diagnostic accuracy of blood carcinoembryonic antigen for detecting recurrent colorectal cancer.

JAMA Clinical Challenge

Painless Vesicular Eruption on the Dorsal Surfaces of the Hands

Allen Shih, AB, AM; William Damsky, MD, PhD; Amanda Zubek, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2016;316(12):1312-1313. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.11260

A 67-year-old man with a history of heavy smoking and alcohol consumption presented with painless vesicles and milia on the dorsal surfaces of the hands. Results of a basic laboratory tests were normal; liver function tests revealed elevated levels of bilirubin, AST, and ALT. What would you do next?

Medical News & Perspectives

Zika: Worse Than Thalidomide?

Jeff Lyon

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2016;316(12):1246-1248. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.11054

This Medical News article discusses the long-range threat to the neurological health of infants exposed to Zika virus in utero and shortly thereafter.

News From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention