September 12, 2017, Vol 318, No. 10, Pages 883-974

In This Issue of JAMA

Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(10):883-885. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.13300

Audio Editors' Summary: Axillary dissection for BCA with sentinel node metastasis, long-term WHI follow-up, minimally invasive GERD surgery, and more

Original Investigation

Effect of Axillary Dissection vs No Axillary Dissection on 10-Year Overall Survival Among Women With Invasive Breast Cancer and Sentinel Node Metastasis: The ACOSOG Z0011 (Alliance) Randomized Clinical Trial

Armando E. Giuliano, MD; Karla V. Ballman, PhD; Linda McCall, MS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(10):918-926. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.11470

This noninferiority trial compares 10-year overall survival of women with invasive breast cancer and sentinel lymph node metastases treated with breast-conserving therapy and sentinel lymph node dissection alone vs axillary dissection.

Audio: Breast Cancer Surgery: Less Is More

Editorial
Breast Cancer Surgery: Less Is More
Edward H. Livingston, MD; Hsiao Ching Li, MD

Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Long-term All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: The Women’s Health Initiative Randomized Trials

JoAnn E. Manson, MD, DrPH; Aaron K. Aragaki, MS; Jacques E. Rossouw, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(10):927-938. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.11217

This observational follow-up (cumulative 18 years) of postmenopausal women enrolled in 2 RCTs compared rates of all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality between groups receiving hormone therapy (conjugated equine estrogens [CEE] plus medroxyprogesterone acetate) or CEE alone vs placebo.

Audio Author Interview: Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Long-term All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality

Editorial
Menopausal Hormone Therapy: Understanding Long-term Risks and Benefits
Melissa McNeil, MD, MPH

Association Between Laparoscopic Antireflux Surgery and Recurrence of Gastroesophageal Reflux

John Maret-Ouda, MD; Karl Wahlin, MSc, PhD; Hashem B. El-Serag, MD, MPH; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(10):939-946. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.10981

This cohort study assesses the risk of recurrence of gastroesophageal reflux after laparoscopic antireflux surgery and risk factors for reflux recurrence.

Editorial
The Durability of Antireflux Surgery
Stuart J. Spechler, MD

Association of Genetic Variants Related to CETP Inhibitors and Statins With Lipoprotein Levels and Cardiovascular Risk

Brian A. Ference, MD, MPhil, MSc; John J. P. Kastelein, MD, PhD; Henry N. Ginsberg, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(10):947-956. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.11467

This mendelian randomization analysis of individual-participant data estimated the association between changes in levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (and other lipoproteins) and risk of cardiovascular events due to CETP variants, alone and in combination with HMGCR variants.

Editorial
Genetic Studies Help Clarify the Complexities of Lipid Biology and Treatment
Allan D. Sniderman; Eric D. Peterson

Research Letter

Association Between Ruptured Distal Biceps Tendon and Wild-Type Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis

Hallie I. Geller, BA; Avinainder Singh, MBBS; Kevin M. Alexander, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(10):962-963. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.9236

This cross-sectional study compares the frequency of rupture of the distal biceps tendon in patients with wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis cardiomyopathy vs those with other causes of heart failure.

Viewpoint

Preventing Cancer and Other Diseases Caused by Human Papillomavirus Infection: 2017 Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Research Award

Douglas R. Lowy, MD; John T. Schiller, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(10):901-902. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.11706

In this Viewpoint, 2017 Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award winners Douglas Lowy and John Schiller discuss the development of the virus-like particle technology that was used to create the human papillomavirus vaccine to prevent cervical cancer and other diseases.

A Century of Progressing and Advancing Reproductive Health Care: The 2017 Lasker-Bloomberg Public Service Award

Cecile Richards

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(10):903-904. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.11957

In this Viewpoint, Cecile Richards on behalf of Planned Parenthood—the 2017 Lasker-Bloomberg Public Service Award winner—traces the 100-year history of the organization’s provision of medical and reproductive health services to US women and the effect of those services on women’s health, well-being, and career trajectories.

Diagnostic Errors and Diagnostic Calibration

Adam S. Cifu, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(10):905-906. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.11030

This Viewpoint discusses physician and patient factors that affect clinical decision making and may lead to diagnostic errors during the treatment of patients.

A Piece of My Mind

What Should I Do When I Hear the Call for Medical Assistance in a Plane?

Gregory L. Eastwood, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(10):907-908. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.7187

Editorial

Breast Cancer Surgery: Less Is More

Edward H. Livingston, MD; Hsiao Ching Li, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(10):909-911. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.12890

Menopausal Hormone Therapy: Understanding Long-term Risks and Benefits

Melissa McNeil, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(10):911-913. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.11462

The Durability of Antireflux Surgery

Stuart J. Spechler, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(10):913-915. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.11461

Genetic Studies Help Clarify the Complexities of Lipid Biology and Treatment

Allan D. Sniderman; Eric D. Peterson

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(10):915-917. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.11750

JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis

Acute Diarrheal Infections in Adults

Mary Acree, MD; Andrew M. Davis, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(10):957-958. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.8485

This JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis summarizes the 2016 American College of Gastroenterology’s guideline on diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of acute diarrheal infections in adults.

JAMA Diagnostic Test Interpretation

Antiphospholipid Antibodies

Arjun Gupta, MD; David H. Johnson, MD; Srikanth Nagalla, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(10):959-960. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.4854

A 39-year-old man with a history of ischemic stroke presented with right calf swelling and shortness of breath and was diagnosed with pulmonary embolism by CTPA. Testing 2 days later showed elevated titers of anticardiolipin and anti–β₂ glycoprotein I antibodies and negative lupus anticoagulant screening assays. How would you interpret these results?

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