December 5, 2017, Vol 318, No. 21, Pages 2057-2152

In This Issue of JAMA

Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(21):2057-2059. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.13421

Audio Editors' Summary: GM-CSF for PAD, dialysis for myeloma cast nephropathy, safety of locum tenens physicians, the 2017 HTN guideline, and more

Original Investigation

Effect of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor With or Without Supervised Exercise on Walking Performance in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease: The PROPEL Randomized Clinical Trial

Mary M. McDermott, MD; Luigi Ferrucci, MD, PhD; Lu Tian, ScD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(21):2089-2098. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.17437

This 2 × 2 factorial trial compared the effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) vs placebo and of supervised treadmill exercise vs education control on 6-minute walk distance at 12 weeks in patients with peripheral artery disease.

Effect of High-Cutoff Hemodialysis vs Conventional Hemodialysis on Hemodialysis Independence Among Patients With Myeloma Cast Nephropathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Frank Bridoux, MD, PhD; Pierre-Louis Carron, MD; Brigitte Pegourie, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(21):2099-2110. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.17924

This randomized clinical trial compares the effects of hemodialysis using a high-cutoff dialyzer (with very large membrane pores and high permeability to immunoglobulin light chains) vs a conventional high-flux dialyzer (with small pores and lower permeability) on hemodialysis independence among patients with biopsy-proven myeloma cast nephropathy requiring hemodialysis in France.

Editorial
High-Cutoff Hemodialysis in Myeloma Cast Nephropathy
Kenar D. Jhaveri, MD; Ruben Niesvizky, MD

Association of US State Implementation of Newborn Screening Policies for Critical Congenital Heart Disease With Early Infant Cardiac Deaths

Rahi Abouk, PhD; Scott D. Grosse, PhD; Elizabeth C. Ailes, PhD, MPH; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(21):2111-2118. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.17627

This observational study compares changes in infant cardiac death rates in US states that did and did not implement newborn screening policies for critical congenital heart disease.

Editorial
The Success of State Newborn Screening Policies for Critical Congenital Heart Disease
Alex R. Kemper, MD, MPH, MS; Wendy K. K. Lam, PhD; Joseph A. Bocchini Jr, MD

Association Between Treatment by Locum Tenens Internal Medicine Physicians and 30-Day Mortality Among Hospitalized Medicare Beneficiaries

Daniel M. Blumenthal, MD, MBA; Andrew R. Olenski, BS; Yusuke Tsugawa, MD, MPH, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(21):2119-2129. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.17925

This cohort study evaluates the differences in quality and costs of care related to locum tenens vs non–locum tenens physicians treating hospitalized Medicare beneficiaries.

Research Letter

The FDA’s Expedited Programs and Clinical Development Times for Novel Therapeutics, 2012-2016

Thomas J. Hwang, AB; Jonathan J. Darrow, SJD, JD, MBA; Aaron S. Kesselheim, MD, JD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(21):2137-2138. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.14896

This study uses the Drugs@FDA database to analyze clinical development times for drugs to treat serious diseases within the 4 FDA expedited programs intended to speed drug review and approval.

Viewpoint

The 2017 Clinical Practice Guideline for High Blood Pressure

Paul K. Whelton, MB, MD, MSc; Robert M. Carey, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(21):2073-2074. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.18209

This Viewpoint reviews key recommendations in the 2017 Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure authored by the AHA, ACC, and 9 other specialty organizations, and highlights differences from the 2003 JNC 7 guideline.

Audio: Managing Hypertension: Understanding the New AHA/ACC Hypertension Guideline
Audio: Managing Hypertension: Understanding the New AHA/ACC Hypertension Guideline, Part II
Audio Clinical Review: Battle of the Heart Societies, Part 2: Who Is Right – the US or Europe – Regarding How to Manage Hypertension?

Editorial
The New 2017 ACC/AHA Guidelines “Up the Pressure” on Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertension
Philip Greenland, MD; Eric Peterson, MD, MPH
- Audio: Managing Hypertension: Understanding the New AHA/ACC Hypertension Guideline
- Audio: Managing Hypertension: Understanding the New AHA/ACC Hypertension Guideline, Part II

Responsible Care in the Face of Shifting Recommendations and Imperfect Diagnostics for Zika Virus

Ilona Telefus Goldfarb, MD, MPH; Elana Jaffe, BA; Anne Drapkin Lyerly, MD, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(21):2075-2076. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.15680

This Viewpoint discusses clinical and public health challenges likely to arise from the 2017 change in Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendations from serologic testing of all Zika-exposed pregnant women regardless of the timing and duration of exposure to testing only those pregnant women with symptoms consistent with infection or with ongoing exposure.

Cybersecurity Concerns and Medical Devices: Lessons From a Pacemaker Advisory

Daniel B. Kramer, MD, MPH; Kevin Fu, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(21):2077-2078. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.15692

This Viewpoint uses a 2017 US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) safety communication about the vulnerability of some cardiac pacemakers to malware to discuss medical device data security and patient safety more generally, and regulatory steps the FDA has and can take to combat the risks.

Making a Case for Sanctuary Hospitals

Altaf Saadi, MD; Sameer Ahmed, JD; Mitchell H. Katz, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(21):2079-2080. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.15714

This Viewpoint discusses how current enforcement of US immigration policy has led to arrests and questioning of patients at health care facilities and argues that all health care settings should have legal sanctuary status to protect undocumented immigrants’ access to medical treatment.

A Piece of My Mind

Moral Choices for Today’s Physician

Donald M. Berwick, MD, MPP

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(21):2081-2082. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.16254

In this essay, Don Berwick considers moral choices physicians face personally, organizationally, and globally and exhorts them to understand that the health of humanity depends on their speaking out against the social injustice of overpricing drugs and services, mass incarceration, and the lack of environmental responsibility.

Editorial

The New 2017 ACC/AHA Guidelines “Up the Pressure” on Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertension

Philip Greenland, MD; Eric Peterson, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

has audio

JAMA. 2017;318(21):2083-2084. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.18605

Audio: Managing Hypertension: Understanding the New AHA/ACC Hypertension Guideline
Audio: Managing Hypertension: Understanding the New AHA/ACC Hypertension Guideline, Part II

High-Cutoff Hemodialysis in Myeloma Cast Nephropathy

Kenar D. Jhaveri, MD; Ruben Niesvizky, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(21):2085-2086. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.18710

The Success of State Newborn Screening Policies for Critical Congenital Heart Disease

Alex R. Kemper, MD, MPH, MS; Wendy K. K. Lam, PhD; Joseph A. Bocchini Jr, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(21):2087-2088. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.17626

JAMA Insights

Genomics and Precision Health

Treating Specific Variants Causing Cystic Fibrosis

Garry R. Cutting, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(21):2130-2131. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.16823

This JAMA Insights article explains how precision health, which uses mechanistic insights to treat individual patients based on their unique abnormalities, can treat variants causing cystic fibrosis.

Audio: Matching Drugs to Genetic Abnormalities to Precisely Treat Cystic Fibrosis

Editorial
Introducing “Genomics and Precision Health”
W. Gregory Feero, MD, PhD
- Audio: Genomics and Precision Health

JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis

Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults

Adam S. Cifu, MD; Andrew M. Davis, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(21):2132-2134. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.18706

This JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis summarizes the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guideline on prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults.

Audio: Managing Hypertension: Understanding the New AHA/ACC Hypertension Guideline
Audio: Managing Hypertension: Understanding the New AHA/ACC Hypertension Guideline, Part II

Editorial
The New 2017 ACC/AHA Guidelines “Up the Pressure” on Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertension
Philip Greenland, MD; Eric Peterson, MD, MPH
- Audio: Managing Hypertension: Understanding the New AHA/ACC Hypertension Guideline
- Audio: Managing Hypertension: Understanding the New AHA/ACC Hypertension Guideline, Part II

Medical News & Perspectives

JAMA Network Articles of the Year

Jennifer Abbasi

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(21):2065-2068. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.17346

This Medical News article discusses the top-viewed article of the past year from each JAMA Network journal.

News From the Food and Drug Administration

Heart Failure Survey Is a First in FDA’s Device Innovation Effort

Rebecca Voelker, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(21):2071. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.17912

Support for Treating Opioid Addiction With Medication

Rebecca Voelker, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(21):2071. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.18240

Treatment for Aggressive Lymphoma

Rebecca Voelker, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(21):2071. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.18306

Bench to Bedside

Body-on-a-Chip Reveals Multitissue Interactions During Drug Exposure

Tracy Hampton, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(21):2069-2070. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.17869

Poetry and Medicine

Out of Place

Carol Snyder Halberstadt

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(21):2144. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.3702

JAMA Revisited

“Hopefully . . .”

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(21):2145. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.10497

JAMA Patient Page

Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer

Richard S. Matulewicz, MD, MS; Adam B. Weiner, MD; Edward M. Schaeffer, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(21):2152. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.17222

This JAMA Patient Page describes active surveillance for management of prostate cancer and explains which patients are candidates for this treatment strategy.

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