November 27, 2018, Vol 320, No. 20, Pages 2053-2160

In This Issue of JAMA

Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(20):2053-2055. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.12647

Audio Editors' Summary: ICU Decontamination Strategies, High-Flow Nasal Oxygen for Respiratory Failure, Child Maltreatment Screening Guidelines, and more

Original Investigation

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

Decontamination Strategies and Bloodstream Infections With Antibiotic-Resistant Microorganisms in Ventilated Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Bastiaan H. Wittekamp, MD, PhD; Nienke L. Plantinga, MD, PhD; Ben S. Cooper, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(20):2087-2098. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.13765

This cluster randomized trial compares associations between commonly used decontamination strategies (chlorhexidine 2% mouthwash, selective oropharyngeal decontamination, and selective digestive tract decontamination) and occurrence of intensive care unit (ICU)–acquired bloodstream infections with multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria in ICUs with moderate to high levels of antibiotic resistance.

Editorial
Decontamination of Oral or Digestive Tract for Patients in the Intensive Care Unit
Christina M. J. E. Vandenbroucke-Grauls, MD, PhD; Jos W. M. van der Meer, MD, PhD

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

Effect of High-Flow Nasal Oxygen vs Standard Oxygen on 28-Day Mortality in Immunocompromised Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure: The HIGH Randomized Clinical Trial

Elie Azoulay, MD, PhD; Virginie Lemiale, MD; Djamel Mokart, MD, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(20):2099-2107. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.14282

This randomized clinical trial compares the effects of high-flow nasal vs standard oxygen therapy on 28-day mortality among immunocompromised patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.

Audio Clinical Review: Observations From ICU Patients We Thought Were Asleep, but Were Not

Editorial
High-Flow Nasal Oxygen—The Pendulum Continues to Swing in the Assessment of Critical Care Technology
Karen C. Dugan, MD; Jesse B. Hall, MD; Bhakti K. Patel, MD

Effect of Lanadelumab Compared With Placebo on Prevention of Hereditary Angioedema Attacks: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Aleena Banerji, MD; Marc A. Riedl, MD, MS; Jonathan A. Bernstein, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(20):2108-2121. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.16773

This randomized clinical trial compares the ability of lanadelumab—a human monoclonal antibody that selectively inhibits active plasma kallikrein—vs placebo to prevent angioedema among patients with types I and II hereditary angioedema.

Research Letter

Trends in Telemedicine Use in a Large Commercially Insured Population, 2005-2017

Michael L. Barnett, MD, MS; Kristin N. Ray, MD, MS; Jeff Souza, MA; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(20):2147-2149. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12354

This study uses insurance claims database to describe trends in telemedicine use and its associations with physician supply and with state laws madating coverage in a large commercially insured population between 2005 and 2017.

Trends in First Gabapentin and Pregabalin Prescriptions in Primary Care in the United Kingdom, 1993-2017

François Montastruc, MD, PhD; Simone Y. Loo, MSc; Christel Renoux, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(20):2149-2151. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12358

This study examined the rates of patients in the United Kingdom treated with gabapentin and pregabalin for the first time, and the rates of these patients with an off-label indication or a coprescription of opioids or benzodiazepines.

US Preventive Services Task Force

Recommendation Statement

Interventions to Prevent Child Maltreatment: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

US Preventive Services Task Force

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(20):2122-2128. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.17772

This 2018 Recommendation Statement from the US Preventive Services Task Force concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of primary care interventions to prevent child maltreatment (I statement).

Audio Author Interview: USPSTF Recommendation: Screening for Child Maltreatment

Editorial
Preventing Maltreatment of Children
Desmond K. Runyan, MD, DrPH

Evidence Report

Primary Care Interventions to Prevent Child Maltreatment: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force

Meera Viswanathan, PhD; Jenifer Goldman Fraser, PhD, MPH; Huiling Pan, BA; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(20):2129-2140. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.17647

This systematic review to support the 2018 US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement on primary care interventions to prevent child maltreatment summarizes published evidence on the benefits and harms of interventions to prevent maltreatment among children with no signs or symptoms of current or past maltreatment.

Editorial
Preventing Maltreatment of Children
Desmond K. Runyan, MD, DrPH

Viewpoint

How to Make US Health Care More Equitable and Less Costly: Begin by Replacing Employment-Based Insurance

Victor R. Fuchs, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2071-2072. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.16475

This Viewpoint argues for reform of the US health care system, starting with the elimination of employment-based insurance.

Current and Future Landscape of Nutritional Epidemiologic Research

Frank B. Hu, MD, PhD; Walter C. Willett, MD, DrPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2073-2074. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.16166

In this Viewpoint, Hu and Willett survey the accomplishments and future directions of nutritional epidemiology research, arguing for a multidisciplinary approach across the lifecycle using new digital technologies as the best means to address existing uncertainties about optimal diet and nutrition.

The “Public Charge” Proposal and Public Health: Implications for Patients and Clinicians

Mitchell H. Katz, MD; Dave A. Chokshi, MD, MSc

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2075-2076. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.16391

This Viewpoint discusses the proposed implementation of “public charge” to immigration policy that would make receipt of public assistance grounds for denying immigrants lawful permanent residence in the United States.

Increasing the Participation of Pregnant Women in Clinical Trials

Katrina Heyrana, MD, PhD; Heather M. Byers, MD; Pamela Stratton, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2077-2078. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.17716

This Viewpoint discusses widespread perceptions of vulnerability and risk that discourage enrollment of pregnant women in clinical trials, and calls for actionable guidelines to overcome those perceptions and eliminate barriers to their participation.

A Piece of My Mind

Seeing the Present Through the Past: History, Empathy, and Medical Education

Maya Overby Koretzky, BA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2079-2080. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.17253

In this narrative medicine essay, an MD-PhD candidate purssuing a graduate degree in the history of medicine uses her study of an early HIV/AIDS archive to reflect on the importance of history in contribution to a proper understanding of contemporary health care and policy and on its vital role in teaching students empathy and emotional intelligence.

Editorial

Decontamination of Oral or Digestive Tract for Patients in the Intensive Care Unit

Christina M. J. E. Vandenbroucke-Grauls, MD, PhD; Jos W. M. van der Meer, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2081-2083. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.13764

High-Flow Nasal Oxygen—The Pendulum Continues to Swing in the Assessment of Critical Care Technology

Karen C. Dugan, MD; Jesse B. Hall, MD; Bhakti K. Patel, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2083-2084. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.14287

Preventing Maltreatment of Children

Desmond K. Runyan, MD, DrPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2085-2086. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.18704

JAMA Clinical Challenge

Multiple Lung Masses in a Young Woman

Boris I. Medarov, MD; Malik M. H. S. Khan, MD; Aakash Modi, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2141-2142. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.14770

A 38-year-old woman with a history of gastric bypass surgery and hysterectomy had acute abdominal pain. Results of routine blood testing were unremarkable; a lung biopsy revealed spindle-cell fascicles with entrapped benign alveolar tissue but no necrosis, atypia, or mitotic activity. What would you do next?

From The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics

Influenza Vaccine for 2018-2019

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2143-2144. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.17725

This Medical Letter review summarizes information on the timing, composition, effectiveness, and adverse effects of the 2018-2019 influenza vaccine.

Medical News & Perspectives

Have Tent, Will Do Pop-up HIV Screening

Rita Rubin, MA

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(20):2063-2065. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.16245

This Medical News article is an interview with the founders of One Tent Health, a nonprofit free HIV screening initiative that serves high-risk neighborhoods in Washington, DC.

Audio: Have Tent, Will Do Pop-Up HIV Screening
Audio: JAMA Medical News and Perspectives Roundup for November 2018

The JAMA Forum

Curbing Surprise Medical Bills Can Be a Window Into Cost Control

Andrew Bindman, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(20):2065-2066. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.17418

News From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Mystery Myelitis in Children

Bridget Kuehn, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2069. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.17696

Unvaccinated Children

Bridget Kuehn, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2069. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.17829

Clinical Trials Update

Vaccine Prevents Active Tuberculosis

Anita Slomski, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2068. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.17808

Behavior Therapy for Cognitive Decline

Anita Slomski, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2068. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.18510

High-Dose Folic Acid Does Not Prevent Preeclampsia

Anita Slomski, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2068. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.18511

Artificial Pancreas Improves Glycemic Control

Anita Slomski, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2068. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.18512

Hypertension Drug Fails to Slow Cognitive Decline

Anita Slomski, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2068. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.18513

Health Agencies Update

Opioid-Related Problems Increasing Among Older Adults

Rita Rubin, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2067. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.17630

Declining Numbers of Rural US Hospitals

Rita Rubin, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2067. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.18506

New NIH-DoD Limb Loss Registry

Rita Rubin, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2067. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.18508

Poetry and Medicine

The Art of Suffering

David H. Rosen, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2155. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.11600

JAMA Revisited

The Production of Drug Plants in the United States

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2156. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.12677

JAMA Patient Page

Interventions to Prevent Child Maltreatment

Jill Jin, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(20):2160. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.17741

This JAMA Patient Page describes the US Preventive Services Task Force’s recommendations on interventions to prevent child maltreatment.

Editorial
Preventing Maltreatment of Children
Desmond K. Runyan, MD, DrPH

Comment & Response

Cardiac Outcomes After Treatment for Depression in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome

Brett D. Thombs, PhD; Roy C. Ziegelstein, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2151. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.15922

Cardiac Outcomes After Treatment for Depression in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome

Frederik M. Zimmermann, MD; Mohamed El Farissi, MD; Pim A. L. Tonino, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2151-2152. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.15930

Cardiac Outcomes After Treatment for Depression in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome

George Rust, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2152. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.15934

Cardiac Outcomes After Treatment for Depression in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome—Reply

Jae-Min Kim, MD, PhD; Robert Stewart, MD, FRCPsych; Jin-Sang Yoon, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2152-2153. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.15950

Baseline Genotype Testing to Assess Drug Resistance Before Beginning HIV Treatment

Juan Ambrosioni, MD, PhD; Mar Mosquera, MD; José M. Miró, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2153-2154. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.15926

Baseline Genotype Testing to Assess Drug Resistance Before Beginning HIV Treatment—Reply

Michael S. Saag, MD; Huldrych F. Günthard, MD; Davey M. Smith, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(20):2154. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.15946

Correction

Incorrect Data in Figures

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(20):2154. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.15103

Unclear Sentence and Incorrect Number in Figure

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(20):2154. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.18424

May 2023 - July 1883

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November 27, 2018, Vol 320, No. 20, Pages 2053-2160

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

Recommendation Statement

Evidence Report

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