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September 2023 - July 1883

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September 8, 2020, Vol 324, No. 10, Pages 919-1016

In This Issue of JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text
free access online only has audio
JAMA. 2020;324(10):e200036. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0036
Original Investigation

Effect of Out-of-Hospital Tranexamic Acid vs Placebo on 6-Month Functional Neurologic Outcomes in Patients With Moderate or Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;324(10):961-974. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.8958

This randomized clinical trial compares the effects of an out-of-hospital tranexamic acid bolus vs placebo within 2 hours of traumatic brain injury (TBI) on 6-month functional neurologic outcome (Glasgow Coma Scale-Extended score >4) in patients with moderate or severe TBI.

Association Between Patient Social Risk and Physician Performance Scores in the First Year of the Merit-based Incentive Payment System

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;324(10):975-983. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.13129

This study uses data from the Medicare Physician Compare database to assess associations between patient social risk, defined as dual eligibility for Medicare and Medicaid, and physicians’ Merit-based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) data scores, a proxy for patient outcomes and care value.

Association of Clinician Health System Affiliation With Outpatient Performance Ratings in the Medicare Merit-based Incentive Payment System

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;324(10):984-992. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.13136

This study uses data from the Medicare Physician Compare database to assess associations between clinician affiliation with health systems and performance scores and value-based reimbursement under the 2019 Merit-based Incentive Payment System (MIPS).

Preliminary Communication

Effect of an Inactivated Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2 on Safety and Immunogenicity Outcomes: Interim Analysis of 2 Randomized Clinical Trials

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;324(10):951-960. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.15543

This interim analysis of 2 randomized trials compares adverse reactions and neutralizing antibody responses to inactivated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vs adjuvant-only control vaccination, and compares the outcomes at varying vaccine doses among healthy adults in China.

Research Letter

Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients During Initial Peak and Resurgence in the Houston Metropolitan Area

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;324(10):998-1000. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.15301

This study examined the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients, as well as their clinical outcomes, during a surge in COVID-19 disease in Houston, Texas.

Allocation of COVID-19 Relief Funding to Disproportionately Black Counties

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;324(10):1000-1003. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.14978

This study describes correlations between the dollar amount of relief funding authorized by the US Congress to fund prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to reimburse health care entities for lost revenues, and county-level Black population fraction accounting for county COVID-19 burden, comorbidity, and hospital financial health.

Hepatitis C–Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidence in the Veterans Health Administration After Introduction of Direct-Acting Antivirals

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;324(10):1003-1005. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.10121

This study describes trends in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma within the Veterans Health Administration from 2002 to 2018 before and after widespread direct-acting anti–hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment.

Viewpoint

Unwavering Regulatory Safeguards for COVID-19 Vaccines

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;324(10):931-932. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.15725

This Viewpoint from the FDA reviews the minimum safety and efficacy standards COVID-19 vaccine candidates would need to meet to be considered for approval, and affirms its commitments to evaluating both in diverse populations and to postmarketing surveillance as means to ensure that approval will meet the highest safety and regulatory standards based on science and evidence, not politics.

Precision Public Health as a Key Tool in the COVID-19 Response

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;324(10):933-934. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.14992

This Viewpoint provides examples of how applying precision public health operations can help curb the COVID-19 pandemic.

Cascading Risks of COVID-19 Resurgence During an Active 2020 Atlantic Hurricane Season

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(10):935-936. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.15398

This Viewpoint discusses the prospects for exacerbation of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic during hurricane season in the US, and proposes reinforcement of public health measures, clear communication, and learning from each experience to reduce the risks of hurricane-related harms and increases in COVID-19 cases.

Improving Physician Communication About Treatment Decisions: Reconsideration of “Risks vs Benefits”

Abstract Full Text
has audio
JAMA. 2020;324(10):937-938. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0354

This Viewpoint emphasizes the importance of precise language to help patients make evidence-informed decisions in shared decision-making, and argues that references to “chances of harms and benefits” will be more understandable to patients than discussions of “probabilities of risks and benefits.”

Over-the-Counter Oral Contraceptives to Reduce Unintended Pregnancies

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(10):939-940. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.21862

This Viewpoint reviews progress and challenges to date in federal and state efforts to transition combination oral contraceptives (COCs) from being prescription only to over-the-counter status in the US.

A Piece of My Mind

The Silence and Sorrow of Miscarriage

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(10):941-942. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.15959

In this narrative medicine essay, a neurologist relates the story of her miscarriage while touring immigration detention centers in Texas documenting medical care and human rights violations and shares her deep sorrow for the women who lost children either by force or miscarriages while incarcerated.

Editorial

An Inactivated Virus Candidate Vaccine to Prevent COVID-19

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;324(10):943-945. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.15539

Out-of-Hospital Tranexamic Acid for Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(10):946-947. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.9244

Potential Adverse Financial Implications of the Merit-based Incentive Payment System for Independent and Safety Net Practices

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(10):948-950. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.13093
JAMA Insights

Clinical Update

Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Giant Cell Arteritis

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(10):993-994. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.10155

This JAMA Insights Clinical Update reviews the diagnosis and management of polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis and provides a suggested treatment algorithm for giant cell arteritis.

JAMA Clinical Challenge

Decreased Exercise Tolerance in a Young Woman

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(10):995-996. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.8415

A 31-year-old woman with a history of childhood heart murmur has exercise intolerance due to dyspnea, no chest pain, a fixed split S2 and a 2/6 systolic murmur at the left upper sternal border, and incomplete right bundle-branch block on ECG. Chest imaging shows increased vascularity, cardiomegaly, and an enlarged right atrium and right ventricle. What is the diagnosis and what would you do next?

Medical News & Perspectives

What Happens When COVID-19 Collides With Flu Season?

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;324(10):923-925. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.15260

This Medical News feature examines what might happen when COVID-19 meets seasonal influenza this fall.

Flu Vaccination Urged During COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;324(10):926-927. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.15444

This Medical News article reports on efforts to increase flu vaccinations during the COVID-19 pandemic.

News From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

COVID-19 Precautions Helped Limit Cases Linked to Milwaukee Primary

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;324(10):929. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.16103

TB Control Suffers During Pandemic

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;324(10):929. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.15886
Biotech Innovations

Antibiotic-Sparing Gonorrhea Diagnostic Wins Federal Funding

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(10):928. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.16465

Drug Repurposing Study Pinpoints Potential COVID-19 Antivirals

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;324(10):928. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.15948

New T-Cell Therapy Tested for Multiple Myeloma

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(10):928. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.16467
The Arts and Medicine

Dance for Respiratory Patients in Low-Resource Settings

Abstract Full Text
has multimedia
JAMA. 2020;324(10):921-922. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.15426

This Arts and Medicine feature describes the integration of local dance traditions into pulmonary rehabilitation programs for COPD and tuberculosis patients in low- and middle-income countries.

Poetry and Medicine

Moving Back to the Marriage Bed

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(10):1010. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.7447
JAMA Revisited

The President Outlines a Program

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(10):1011. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.13609
JAMA Patient Page

Heart Failure

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;324(10):1015. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.13310

This JAMA Patient Page describes heart failure and its diagnosis, treatment options, and prevention measures.

Caring for Someone With COVID-19

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;324(10):1016. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.15061

This JAMA Patient Page reviews the symptoms and signs of COVID-19, at-home management of the infection, and precautions to take while caring for someone with it.

Comment & Response

Reconfiguring Medical Education

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(10):1005-1006. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.10899

Reconfiguring Medical Education

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(10):1006. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.10902

Reconfiguring Medical Education

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(10):1006-1007. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.10896

Reconfiguring Medical Education

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(10):1007. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.10905

Reconfiguring Medical Education—Reply

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(10):1007-1008. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.10908

Chikungunya Virus–Like Particle Vaccine

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(10):1008. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.11845

Chikungunya Virus–Like Particle Vaccine—Reply

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(10):1008-1009. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.11859
Correction

Correction to Affiliations in Arts and Medicine Feature

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;324(10):1009. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.15817
JAMA Masthead

JAMA

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;324(10):919-920. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.13602
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