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August 2022 - July 1883

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December 22/29, 2020, Vol 324, No. 24, Pages 2467-2566

In This Issue of JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text
free access online only has audio
JAMA. 2020;324(24):e200050. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0050
  • Audio Editors' Summary: Digoxin vs Bisoprolol for AFib, Risk of Second Cancer After a First Cancer, Review of GERD and more
Original Investigation

Effect of Digoxin vs Bisoprolol for Heart Rate Control in Atrial Fibrillation on Patient-Reported Quality of Life: The RATE-AF Randomized Clinical Trial

Dipak Kotecha, MD, PhD, MSc; Karina V. Bunting, PhD, MSc; Simrat K. Gill, MD, MPharm; et al.
Abstract Full Text
free access has active quiz
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2497-2508. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.23138

This randomized trial compares the effect of low-dose digoxin vs bisoprolol for heart rate control on quality of life in patients aged 60 years or older with permanent atrial fibrillation and dyspnea.

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

Effect of a Lower vs Higher Positive End-Expiratory Pressure Strategy on Ventilator-Free Days in ICU Patients Without ARDS: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Writing Committee and Steering Committee for the RELAx Collaborative Group
Abstract Full Text
free access has multimedia
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2509-2520. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.23517

This noninferiority trial compares the effects of lower (0-5 cm H2O) vs higher (8 cm H2O) positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on ventilator-free days at day 28 among critically ill patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Association of First Primary Cancer With Risk of Subsequent Primary Cancer Among Survivors of Adult-Onset Cancers in the United States

Hyuna Sung, PhD; Noorie Hyun, PhD; Corinne R. Leach, PhD, MPH, MS; et al.
Abstract Full Text
free access has active quiz
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2521-2535. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.23130

This cohort study uses SEER registry data to estimate overall and cancer-specific risk for secondary primary cancers among US adults with first primary cancers who lived at least 5 years past their initial diagnosis.

Research Letter

Uptake and Accuracy of the Diagnosis Code for COVID-19 Among US Hospitalizations

Sameer S. Kadri, MD; Jake Gundrum, MS; Sarah Warner, MPH; et al.
Abstract Full Text
free access has active quiz
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2553-2554. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.20323

This study uses administrative claims data to describe trends in use of ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes for novel coronavirus patients in January-May 2020, before and afer the April 1 release of the U07.1 code to facilitate billing for and case monitoring of COVID-19.

Psychological Distress and COVID-19–Related Stressors Reported in a Longitudinal Cohort of US Adults in April and July 2020

Emma E. McGinty, PhD; Rachel Presskreischer, MS; Kelly E. Anderson, MPP; et al.
Abstract Full Text
free access has active quiz
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2555-2557. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.21231

This study uses national survey data to compare self-reported psychological distress among US adults in April and July 2020 by demographic and stressor type subgroups.

Viewpoint

Accelerating Global Improvements in Health Care Quality

Sheila Leatherman, MSW; Donald M. Berwick, MD, MPP
Abstract Full Text
has multimedia has audio
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2479-2480. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.17628

This Viewpoint proposes a policy framework for thinking about health care quality in low- and middle-income countries, emphasizing the importance of infrastructure, enforceable quality standards, safety practices, guideline-directed clinical care, and patient and family involvement.

A Roadmap to Advance Patient Safety in Ambulatory Care

Hardeep Singh, MD, MPH; Pascale Carayon, PhD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2481-2482. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.18551

This Viewpoint emphasizes the need for research and initiatives related to patient safety in outpatient settings and proposes practice, policy, and patient and caregiver milestones to give patient harm reduction in ambulatory care settings the same priority as in inpatient settings.

Assessing Progress in Health Care Quality Through the Lens of COVID-19

Janet M. Corrigan, PhD; Carolyn M. Clancy, MD
Abstract Full Text
free access has active quiz
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2483-2484. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.17392

This Viewpoint describes US health system performance during the COVID-19 pandemic using the National Academy of Medicine's 2001 Quality Chasm framework, focusing on system cohesion, organizational capabilities, and environment of care.

Progress in Patient Safety in Anesthesia

Emily Methangkool, MD, MPH; Daniel J. Cole, MD; Maxime Cannesson, MD, PhD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2485-2486. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.23205

This Viewpoint describes the history of patient safety improvements in the practice of anesthesiology, with a shift in focus from reducing procedural mortality to improving systems, including optimization of teamwork, communication, interdisciplinary care, and standards for new technologies.

A Piece of My Mind

The Light Princess

Annette M. Chavez, MD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2487-2488. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.24033

In this narrative medicine essay a family physician recalls her bereavement after a pregnancy loss and her slow process of healing through mentoring and lasting relationships with premed students, following their lives and careers with the same pride as a parent.

Editorial

Two Decades Since To Err Is Human: Progress, but Still a “Chasm”

Victor J. Dzau, MD; Kenneth I. Shine, MD
Abstract Full Text
has multimedia has audio
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2489-2490. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.23151

Searching for the Optimal PEEP in Patients Without ARDS: High, Low, or in Between?

Sarina K. Sahetya, MD, MHS; Ewan C. Goligher, MD, PhD; Arthur S. Slutsky, MD
Abstract Full Text
free access has multimedia
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2490-2492. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.23067

Incorporating the Risk for Subsequent Primary Cancers Into the Care of Adult Cancer Survivors: Moving Beyond 5-Year Survival

Patricia A. Ganz, MD; Jacqueline N. Casillas, MD, MSHS
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2493-2495. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.23410

JAMA Health Forum—A New JAMA Network Specialty Journal

Howard Bauchner, MD; John Z. Ayanian, MD, MPP; Melinda B. Buntin, PhD; et al.
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2495-2496. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.23376
Review

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Review

John Maret-Ouda, MD, PhD; Sheraz R. Markar, MD, PhD; Jesper Lagergren, MD, PhD
Abstract Full Text
has active quiz
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2536-2547. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.21360

This narrative review summarizes recent advances in the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), including updates on pharmacologic options and surgical approaches.

JAMA Performance Improvement

Caring for Emergency Department Patients With Complex Medical, Behavioral Health, and Social Needs

Jack Chase, MD; Jenna Bilinski, RN, MBA; Hemal K. Kanzaria, MD, MSc
Abstract Full Text
has audio
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2550-2551. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.17017

This JAMA Performance Improvement article describes experience at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital with an emergency department social medicine (EDSM) team to facilitate care of ED patients with low-acuity medical illnesses and complex psychosocial comorbidities (homelessness, mental illness, substance use, poverty).

JAMA Insights

Diagnosis, Management, and Pathophysiology of Arterial and Venous Thrombosis in COVID-19

Gregory Piazza, MD, MS; David A. Morrow, MD, MPH
Abstract Full Text
free access has active quiz
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2548-2549. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.23422

This JAMA Insights review summarizes the pathophysiology underlying the thrombotic diathesis characteristic of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and current recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis, and management of the most common thrombotic complications in COVID-19, including acute myocardial infarction (AMI), ischemic stroke, and venous thromboembolism (VTE).

Editor's Note

Digitalis Glycosides for Heart Rate Control in Atrial Fibrillation

Gregory Curfman, MD
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2508. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.24578
Medical News & Perspectives

Musical Spine Surgeons Lift Spirits With Songs of Hope

Rita Rubin, MA
Abstract Full Text
has audio
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2472-2474. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.21152

This Medical News feature profiles Elvis Francois, MD, and William Robinson, MD, spine surgeons whose “side gig” is making music.

News From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Hospital Readmission Is Common Among COVID-19 Survivors

Bridget M. Kuehn, MSJ
Abstract Full Text
free access has active quiz
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2477. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.23910

Shifts in Emergency Mental Health Care for Youth During the Pandemic

Bridget M. Kuehn, MSJ
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2477. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.24480
Clinical Trials Update

Exercise Intensity Unrelated to Older Adults’ Mortality Risk

Anita Slomski
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2476. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.23342

Empagliflozin Cuts Cardiovascular Deaths in Advanced Heart Failure

Anita Slomski
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2476. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.24667

High-Calorie Treatment Leads to Faster Gains in Anorexia Nervosa

Anita Slomski
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2476. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.24669

Reliving Childhood Trauma Details Isn’t Needed to Treat PTSD

Anita Slomski
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2476. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.24671

Early Physical Therapy Relieves Sciatica Disability and Pain

Anita Slomski
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2476. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.24673
Health Agencies Update

More Transparency Needed for COVID-19 Emergency Authorizations

Rita Rubin, MA
Abstract Full Text
free access has active quiz
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2475. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.24201

Postpartum Depression Persists Longer Than Previously Thought

Rita Rubin, MA
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2475. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.24649

Pharmacies Partner With HHS to Provide COVID-19 Vaccines

Rita Rubin, MA
Abstract Full Text
free access has active quiz
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2475. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.24651
The Arts and Medicine

Graphic Medicine—The Best of 2020

Michael J. Green, MD, MS; Shelley Wall, AOCAD, MScBMC, PhD, CMI
Abstract Full Text
has active quiz
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2469-2471. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.19479

This Arts and Medicine feature reviews the best graphic stories about and explanations of the coronavirus pandemic that were published online in 2020.

Poetry and Medicine

An Essential Worker’s List of Pandemic Chores for the Kids

Wendy Stead, MD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2560. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.18681
JAMA Revisited

Medicine and the War: Miscellaneous: A British Tribute to the American Physician

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2561. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.13763
JAMA Patient Page

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

John Maret-Ouda, MD, PhD; Sheraz R. Markar, MD, PhD; Jesper Lagergren, MD, PhD
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2565. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.21573

This JAMA Patient Page describes the causes, symptoms and signs, and treatments, including medication (eg, proton pump inhibitors) and surgery (eg, fundoplication), for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Peyronie Disease

Christopher D. Gaffney, MD; James A. Kashanian, MD
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2566. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.14819

This JAMA Patient Page describes Peyronie disease, a scarring of tissue in the penis that may affect sexual function, and available procedural treatment options.

Comment & Response

Cross-Training in Neurology and Psychiatry

Liam C. Butchart, BA
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2557-2558. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.21927

Cross-Training in Neurology and Psychiatry—Reply

Matcheri S. Keshavan, MD; Bruce H. Price, MD; Joseph B. Martin, MD, PhD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2558. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.21930
JAMA Masthead

JAMA

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2020;324(24):2467-2468. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.13756

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