November 16, 2021, Vol 326, No. 19, Pages 1891-1983

In This Issue of JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(19):e2018229. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.18229

Audio Editors' Summary: Sacubitril/Valsartan and Heart Failure, Prior SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Breakthrough Infection Following mRNA Vaccination, COVID-19 and In-Hospital Mortality With Myocardial Infarction, and more

Original Investigation

Effect of Sacubitril/Valsartan vs Standard Medical Therapies on Plasma NT-proBNP Concentration and Submaximal Exercise Capacity in Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction: The PARALLAX Randomized Clinical Trial

Burkert Pieske, MD; Rolf Wachter, MD; Sanjiv J. Shah, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(19):1919-1929. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.18463

This trial tested the efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan vs standard care in reducing NT-proBNP levels and improving exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure.

Editorial
Quality of Life and Exercise Ability in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: No Time for Therapeutic Complacency
Margaret M. Redfield, MD; Barry A. Borlaug, MD

Association of Prior SARS-CoV-2 Infection With Risk of Breakthrough Infection Following mRNA Vaccination in Qatar

Laith J. Abu-Raddad, PhD; Hiam Chemaitelly, MSc; Houssein H. Ayoub, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(19):1930-1939. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.19623

This cohort study assesses protection from SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection after mRNA vaccination among persons with vs without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Association Between COVID-19 Diagnosis and In-Hospital Mortality in Patients Hospitalized With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Marwan Saad, MD, PhD; Kevin F. Kennedy, MS; Hafiz Imran, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(19):1940-1952. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.18890

This cohort study examines the association between COVID-19 and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) outcome in a large, nationally representative patient cohort who presented with out-of-hospital STEMI or developed STEMI while hospitalized.

Editorial
Myocardial Infarction During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Alexander C. Fanaroff, MD, MHS; Santiago Garcia, MD; Jay Giri, MD, MPH

Research Letter

Prehospital Treatment of Status Epilepticus in the United States

Elan L. Guterman, MD, MAS; James F. Burke, MD, MS; Karl A. Sporer, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(19):1970-1971. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.15964

This study assesses whether patients with status epilepticus are receiving first-line treatment consistent with current guidelines.

Changes in COVID-19 Vaccine Intent From April/May to June/July 2021

Peter G. Szilagyi, MD, MPH; Kyla Thomas, PhD; Megha D. Shah, MD, MPH, MS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(19):1971-1974. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.18761

This study uses data from a nationally representative longitudinal study of adults in the US to examine individual-level change in vaccine intent and uptake between April and July 2021.

US Preventive Services Task Force

USPSTF Approach to Addressing Sex and Gender When Making Recommendations for Clinical Preventive Services

Aaron B. Caughey, MD, MPH, PhD; Alex H. Krist, MD, MPH; Tracy A. Wolff, MD, MPH; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(19):1953-1961. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.15731

This report describes methods used by the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) to identify USPSTF recommendations that have sex or gender components and clarify the populations for which the recommendations should apply and also proposes an approach to making recommendations that are respectful of gender diversity.

Editorial
JAMA and the US Preventive Services Task Force
Phil B. Fontanarosa, MD, MBA; Robert M. Golub, MD

Viewpoint

Diagnostic Excellence

Daniel Yang, MD; Harvey V. Fineberg, MD, PhD; Karen Cosby, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(19):1905-1906. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.19493

This Viewpoint launches a series of articles that will explore the multiple dimensions of achieving diagnostic excellence in the 21st century.

Audio Author Interview: Achieving Diagnostic Excellence in the 21st Century
Audio: Achieving Diagnostic Excellence

Diagnostic Excellence

Diagnosis and the Illness Experience: Ways of Knowing

Amrapali Maitra, MD, PhD; Abraham Verghese, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(19):1907-1908. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.19496

This Viewpoint, part of a new JAMA series on diagnostic excellence, explores the meaning of diagnosis and the ultimate goal of using the diagnosis to provide individualized treatment and the art of caring to bring comfort to the patient experiencing illness.

Audio Author Interview: Achieving Diagnostic Excellence in the 21st Century

The Financial Effects and Consequences of COVID-19: A Gathering Storm

John A. Graves, PhD; Khrysta Baig, MSPH; Melinda Buntin, PhD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(19):1909-1910. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.18863

This Viewpoint reviews the US government’s apt financial response to patients and health care institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic, programs that are about to sunset, and reviews how the removal of those programs could devastate low-income families and health care institutions.

A Piece of My Mind

What Makes Us Know We’re Alive

Haley Newman, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;326(19):1911-1912. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.19481

In this narrative medicine essay, a pediatric hematology-oncology fellow weaves the strands of her life—emotional exhaustion from her first year of fellowship, the death of a friend, challenging bike rides, a husband who listens and doesn’t fix—moments that taken together mend her.

Editorial

Quality of Life and Exercise Ability in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: No Time for Therapeutic Complacency

Margaret M. Redfield, MD; Barry A. Borlaug, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;326(19):1913-1915. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.15874

Myocardial Infarction During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Alexander C. Fanaroff, MD, MHS; Santiago Garcia, MD; Jay Giri, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(19):1916-1918. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.19608

JAMA Insights

Women's Health

Evaluation and Management of Amenorrhea

Sarah Pitts, MD; Amy D. DiVasta, MD, MMSc; Catherine M. Gordon, MD, MSc

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;326(19):1962-1963. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.13312

This JAMA Insights article in the Women’s Health series examines the diagnosis, evaluation, and management of amenorrhea.

JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis

Managing Adult Acute and Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure in the ICU

Xuan Han, MD, MS; Andrew M. Davis, MD, MPH; William F. Parker, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;326(19):1964-1965. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.12742

This JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis summarizes guidelines from the Society of Critical Care Medicine on managing adult liver failure in the ICU.

JAMA Diagnostic Test Interpretation

Electrodiagnostic Testing for Diagnosing Polyneuropathy

Ryan D. Jacobson, MD; Michelle Glantz, DO

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(19):1966-1967. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.19286

A 50-year-old woman with a history of seizures presented to the electromyography laboratory with progressive lower extremity pain and gait imbalance. Results of nerve conduction studies showed an absent sural sensory response and decreased amplitudes of peroneal motor and radial sensory responses. How do you interpret these results?

Medical News & Perspectives

Monoclonal Antibodies for COVID-19 Preexposure Prophylaxis Can’t Come Fast Enough for Some People

Rita Rubin, MA

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(19):1895-1897. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.19534

This Medical News feature discusses the use of anti–SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies for preexposure prophylaxis in people with compromised immune systems.

JAMA Medical News Audio: November 2021 Medical News Summary

News From the Food and Drug Administration

Surgical Staplers to Undergo More Stringent Review for Safety Reasons

Rebecca Voelker, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;326(19):1899. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.20109

Some Companies Will Stop Making Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizer

Rebecca Voelker, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(19):1899. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.19919

Needle-Free Dermal Filler Injectors Prompt Safety Warning

Rebecca Voelker, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;326(19):1899. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.20110

Global Health

Global Plan Targets Elimination of Bacterial Meningitis Epidemics

Bridget M. Kuehn, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;326(19):1898. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.19580

WHO, Global Health Workers Demand Urgent Action on Climate Change

Bridget M. Kuehn, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;326(19):1898. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.20063

Lack of Adolescents’ Mental Health Care Is a Global Challenge

Bridget M. Kuehn, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;326(19):1898. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.20064

Poetry and Medicine

Last-Minute Pedicure

Judith Harris

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;326(19):1979. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.13696

JAMA Revisited

“Opium Antidotes,” and Their Vendors: J. B. Mattison, M.D.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;326(19):1980. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.18230

JAMA Patient Page

Bell Palsy

Lanning B. Kline, MD; Malcolm M. Kates, MD; Mehdi Tavakoli, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(19):1983. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.18504

This JAMA Patient Page describes Bell palsy, a form of facial weakness or paralysis that typically affects one side of the face, and its symptoms and treatment.

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