July 13, 2021, Vol 326, No. 2, Pages 109-196

In This Issue of JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(2):e2018025. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.18025

Audio Editors' Summary: Platelet-Rich Plasma for Achilles Tendinopathy, Delivery for Suspected Fetal Growth Restriction, Review of Alcohol-Related Liver Disease, and more

Original Investigation

Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection vs Sham Injection on Tendon Dysfunction in Patients With Chronic Midportion Achilles Tendinopathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Rebecca S. Kearney, PhD; Chen Ji, PhD; Jane Warwick, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(2):137-144. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.6986

This randomized clinical trial compares the efficacy of a single injection of intratendinous platelet-rich plasma vs injection with a subcutaneous dry needle (sham) from baseline until 6-month follow-up in adult patients with chronic midportion Achilles tendinopathy.

Editorial
Platelet-Rich Plasma for Osteoarthritis and Achilles Tendinitis
Jeffrey N. Katz, MD, MSc

Association Between Iatrogenic Delivery for Suspected Fetal Growth Restriction and Childhood School Outcomes

Roshan John Selvaratnam, BMedSc(Hons); Euan Morrison Wallace, MD; Rory Wolfe, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(2):145-153. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.8608

This retrospective whole-population cohort study explores the association between warranted and unwarranted iatrogenic delivery for suspected fetal growth restriction and childhood school outcomes among children in Victoria, Australia.

Editorial
Delivery Before 39 Weeks’ Gestation for Suspected Fetal Growth Restriction: More Harm Than Good?
Robert M. Silver, MD; Nathan R. Blue, MD

Use of Medications for Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder Among US Medicaid Enrollees in 11 States, 2014-2018

The Medicaid Outcomes Distributed Research Network (MODRN)

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(2):154-164. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.7374

This exploratory study examines changes in quality of care and use of medications to treat opioid use disorder from 2014 through 2018 among Medicaid patients in 11 states.

Research Letter

Payer-Negotiated Prices in the Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Cancer in 2021

Roy Xiao, MD, MS; Vinay K. Rathi, MD, MBA; Cary P. Gross, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(2):184-185. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.8535

This study examines price availability and variation for thyroid cancer care at National Cancer Institute (NCI)–Designated Cancer Centers following a 2021 CMS policy reform requiring hospitals to disclose commercial payer-specific negotiated prices for all items and services.

Associations of Vaccination and of Prior Infection With Positive PCR Test Results for SARS-CoV-2 in Airline Passengers Arriving in Qatar

Roberto Bertollini, MD, MPH; Hiam Chemaitelly, MSc; Hadi M. Yassine, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(2):185-188. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.9970

This study explores the association of vaccination against COVID-19 or prior SARS-CoV-2 infection with PCR test positivity in airline passengers arriving in Qatar, February-April 2021.

Viewpoint

Humanism Before Heroism in Medicine

Urmimala Sarkar, MD, MPH; Christine Cassel, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(2):127-128. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.9569

This Viewpoint discusses the need to reframe the culture of heroic clinician narratives, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, and suggests that the aim should be to achieve a culture of teamwork that acknowledges the physical and emotional needs of clinicians and does not expect them to routinely sacrifice their well-being.

Progress in Pharmacotherapy for Obesity

Susan Z. Yanovski, MD; Jack A. Yanovski, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(2):129-130. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.9486

This Viewpoint discusses the potential that newer antiobesity medications can provide for greater weight loss efficacy with an acceptable safety profile, including those with novel “twincretin” mechanisms of action.

Transforming Health Care to Address Value and Equity: National Vital Signs to Guide Vital Reforms

Kevin Fiscella, MD, MPH; Mechelle R. Sanders, PhD; Jennifer K. Carroll, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;326(2):131-132. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.9938

This Viewpoint explains the national Vital Signs initiative—developed by the National Academy of Medicine to track improvements in health, health care costs, engagement of the public in its health, and health care and quality.

A Piece of My Mind

My Lie by Omission

Katherine A. Termini, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;326(2):133-134. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.10383

In this narrative medicine essay, a psychiatric resident who survived a suicide attempt at 16 years old aims to break the stigma against patients and peers with mental and emotional illness by sharing her story.

Editorial

Delivery Before 39 Weeks’ Gestation for Suspected Fetal Growth Restriction: More Harm Than Good?

Robert M. Silver, MD; Nathan R. Blue, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;326(2):135-136. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.8381

Review

Diagnosis and Treatment of Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease: A Review

Ashwani K. Singal, MD; Philippe Mathurin, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(2):165-176. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.7683

This narrative review provides an update on the diagnosis and treatment of alcohol-associated liver disease, including clinical presentation, screening for alcohol use disorder, medical treatment, other treatments, and liver transplant.

Audio Clinical Review: Diagnosis and Treatment of Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease

JAMA Performance Improvement

Patient Safety

Rapid Response Teams as a Patient Safety Practice for Failure to Rescue

Chelsea P. Fischer, MD, MS; Karl Y. Bilimoria, MD, MS; Amir A. Ghaferi, MD, MS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;326(2):179-180. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.7510

This JAMA Performance Improvement article summarizes the AHRQ guideline on rapid response teams in its health care safety series, including whether rapid response teams decrease mortality or rates of cardiac arrest, if their use improves patient outcomes, and what barriers hinder their success in the hospital setting.

Editorial
Introducing JAMA Performance Improvement
Edward H. Livingston, MD

JAMA Insights

Women's Health

Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of Adenomyosis

Kimberly A. Kho, MD; Joseph S. Chen, MD; Lisa M. Halvorson, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;326(2):177-178. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.26436

This JAMA Insights Clinical Update summarizes and provides a suggested treatment algorithm for the diagnosis and management of adenomyosis.

JAMA Clinical Challenge

Postoperative Skin Lesion After Knee Replacement

Christopher J. Fang, MD; Brian W. Lester, MD; Brian L. Hollenbeck, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(2):181-182. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.3832

A 71-year-old woman presented 8 weeks after total knee arthroplasty with a 1-week history of scattered tense, pruritic bullae around the incision site but no surrounding erythema or edema. She was afebrile and had no known allergies; the pruritus and bullae remained unchanged after a course of oral cephalexin and prednisone. What is the diagnosis and what would you do next?

Medical News & Perspectives

The Search for a Single Vaccine Against Coronaviruses Yet to Come

Rita Rubin, MA

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(2):118-120. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.9477

This Medical News Feature discusses the feasibility of a pancoronavirus vaccine to prevent future pandemics.

JAMA Medical News Audio: July 2021 Medical News Summary

Semaglutide’s Success Could Usher in a “New Dawn” for Obesity Treatment

Jennifer Abbasi

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;326(2):121-123. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.10307

This Medical News article discusses the physiology of weight regulation and obesity—and how new antiobesity drugs like semaglutide will target those pathways for safer, more effective treatment.