Extreme Physical Activity and Coronary Artery Calcification—Running Heavily and Safely With “Hearts of Stone”

Ozemek et al¹ and Lavie et al² have emphasized that sedentary behavior, physical inactivity, and low levels of physical activity resulting in poor cardiorespiratory fitness are among the greatest threats to health in the 21st century. For this reason, a recent health promotion series³ and recent update on physical activity guidelines⁴ have emphasized limiting sedentary behavior and physical inactivity and promoting appropriate physical activity and exercise to improve cardiorespiratory fitness and reduce major cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause morbidity and mortality worldwide.