Beneficial Effects of Sunlight May Account for the Correlation Between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Cardiovascular Health—Reply

In Reply Weller inquires about the contribution of recent trials and updated meta-analyses of vitamin D and cardiovascular disease (CVD). In our recent meta-analysis,¹ we included more than 21 randomized clinical trials, including the Vitamin D and Omega-3 Trial (VITAL)² and the Vitamin D Assessment trial (VIDA),³ which are 2 of the largest trials that prespecified CVD as a primary or coprimary end point. Most previous trials had tested lower doses of vitamin D and assessed CVD only as a post hoc outcome. Thus, it was very important to have an updated meta-analysis including these and other recent trials.