Plants are Mother Nature's consummate organic chemists, producing myriad phytochemicals whose structures often create a host of pharmacophores that underlie many, if not most, contemporary medicines. Up until the early part of the 20th century, plants, or more specifically multicomponent botanical extracts, were staples in the pharmacopeias of most countries. As such, they played an important role in the development of modern medicine. With the advancement of the modern pharmaceutical industry following World War II, single-entity drug products have largely supplanted botanical medicines. Recently, however, a global resurgence in the use of botanical extracts has emerged.