An Institute of Medicine (IOM) expert committee was commissioned by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to review the evidence linking reductions in sodium consumption to health outcomes, with an emphasis on studies of direct health outcomes (eg, stroke, myocardial infarction) rather than surrogate outcomes (eg, blood pressure). The committee was asked to focus particular attention on potential benefits and harms of reducing sodium consumption to a daily intake in the range of 1500 to 2300 mg/d and the impact of this reduction for high-risk subgroups.1