I slipped into the small conference room and quickly understood the topic of the day: billing. “Now with the complexity of our patients, most of our visits should be level 4s. Level 4 visits are for established patients that require complex decision making. Remember, you will need to document either a detailed review of systems or physical exam to bill for a level 4,” the clinic director was explaining. My colleagues were mostly catching up on emails and laboratory results, only partially listening, and focused on their clinical work. I looked at my schedule; I had nearly all 15-minute visits ahead of me that day, and my first patient had already checked in late. Regardless, that afternoon in the 32nd minute of a “15 minute appointment” with an 82-year-old woman that required a cognitive assessment and comprehensive medication reconciliation, I made sure to perform the required physical examination, as the alternative, a 9-point review of systems, was not feasible. In my note, I documented my examination and a sufficient number of stable chronic illnesses to bill for a level 4 visit. It seemed normal that my scheduled visit time was inadequate and that I needed to justify billing by meeting elaborate requirements unrelated to my patient’s needs.