Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a spectrum of diseases in which excess fat deposits in the liver (steatosis, NAFL) are separate from but can progress to inflammation and fibrosis (nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, NASH), fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has become a major public health issue, affecting about 25% of adults worldwide and two-thirds of adults with obesity.1 Hepatocellular carcinoma associated with NAFLD increased 10-fold between 2000 and 2010, and trends suggest that NAFLD will emerge as the leading cause of end-stage liver disease in the coming decades.2 Beyond liver disease, patients with NAFLD are at significant risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.3