A 72-year-old man presented to the emergency department with melena. His medical history included stroke and provoked deep venous thrombosis 18 years prior and peptic ulcer disease (PUD) complicated by upper gastrointestinal bleeding 2 years prior while using naproxen for chronic back pain. At that time, he was also taking warfarin and low-dose aspirin. Subsequently, his warfarin was replaced with aspirin 325 mg daily, which was continued for stroke prevention. He still used ibuprofen 200 mg 3 times weekly for back pain. Previous laminectomy, corticosteroid injections, and trials of tramadol, gabapentin, and acetaminophen were not effective. Two weeks prior, his primary care provider recommended stopping omeprazole because of general concern about potential adverse effects, although specific risks and benefits of the drug were not discussed. In the emergency department, he was afebrile, with a heart rate of 106 beats per minute and blood pressure of 98/58 mm Hg. His hemoglobin was 13 mg/dL, down from 15 mg/dL 2 months prior; blood urea nitrogen was 47 mg/dL; serum creatinine was 1 mg/dL; and coagulation test results were normal. Upper endoscopy the following day revealed 5 nonbleeding ulcers in the gastric antrum not requiring endoscopic intervention. He was discharged 1 day later and instructed to take omeprazole, to be continued as long as he used any aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).