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This is a booklet covering the author's experimental work on pneumococci and gonococci performed at the State Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark, from 1938 to 1940. It includes (1) an introduction, which reviews the results in Denmark of the treatment of pneumococcic infections with type-specific serum and sulfapyridine; (2) a historical review of the experimental research on the antibacterial effect of sulfanilamide and its derivatives; (3) five chapters that summarize the author's experiments on the (a) effect of sulfapyridine on pneumococci in vitro, showing that it does exert a bacteriostatic effect that is dependent on the medium, the inoculum and the experimental conditions; (b) effect of sulfapyridine on experimental pneumococcic infections, showing that it exerts the same bacteriostatic effect in vivo that is dependent on the dose, the duration of treatment and the type and number of organisms present and that it does not interfere with specific immunity; (c) the resistance