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February 2016, Vol 176, No. 2, Pages 151-284

In This Issue of JAMA Internal Medicine

Highlights

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):151-153. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.4858
Viewpoint

A New Era for Residency Training in Internal Medicine

Abstract Full Text
has audio
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):161-162. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.6952

This Viewpoint discusses the changes occurring in the redesign of the health care system, physician education, and expectations for institutions to educate residents about burnout.

Inside Story

My Weight Loss Journey: Unasked and Unanswered Questions

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):163-164. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7186
Editorial

Research in Medical Education and Patient-Centered Outcomes: Shall Ever the Twain Meet?

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):167-168. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.6938

Imaging More Wisely

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):168-170. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7113

Vitamin D Supplementation and Increased Risk of Falling: A Cautionary Tale of Vitamin Supplements Retold

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):171-172. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7568

Adverse Effects Associated With Proton Pump Inhibitors

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):172-174. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7927
Original Investigation

Less Is More

Monthly High-Dose Vitamin D Treatment for the Prevention of Functional Decline: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):175-183. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7148

This randomized clinical trial compared the effects of 3 doses of monthly vitamin D on lower extremity function in community dwelling adults age 70 and older who had previously fallen.

Effect of Mailing Nicotine Patches on Tobacco Cessation Among Adult Smokers : A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):184-190. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7792

This randomized clinical trial evaluates the effect of mailing nicotine patches without behavioral support on smoking cessation rates.

Less Is More

Promoting Patient-Centered Counseling to Reduce Use of Low-Value Diagnostic Tests: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):191-197. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.6840

This randomized clinical trial evaluates the effectiveness of a standardized patient–based intervention designed to enhance primary care physician patient-centeredness and skill in handling patient requests for low-value diagnostic tests.

Prevention of Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):199-208. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7431

This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses randomized clinical trials that have evaluated interventions to prevent episodes of low back pain.

Interactive Effects of Physical Fitness and Body Mass Index on the Risk of Hypertension

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):210-216. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7444

This Swedish national cohort study evaluates the interactive effects of body mass index and physical fitness on the risk of hypertension.

Association of Asymptomatic Bradycardia With Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):219-227. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7655

This analysis examines whether asymptomatic bradycardia in patients without cardiovascular disease is associated with a lower cardiovascular risk profile, less subclinical atherosclerosis, and decreased incident CVD and mortality.

Timing of Initiation of Maintenance Dialysis: A Qualitative Analysis of the Electronic Medical Records of a National Cohort of Patients From the Department of Veterans Affairs

Abstract Full Text
free access has audio
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):228-235. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7412

This qualitative analysis using electronic medical records from the Department of Veterans Affairs examines the factors influencing the timing of initiation of dialysis in clinical practice.

Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and the Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):238-246. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7193

This population-based cohort study quantifies the association between proton pump inhibitor use and incident chronic kidney disease among participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study.

Invited Commentary

Exercise and the Prevention of Low Back Pain: Ready for Implementation

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):208-209. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7636

Obesity, Fitness, Hypertension, and Prognosis: Is Physical Activity the Common Denominator?

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):217-218. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7571

Honoring Patient Preferences in Initiation of Dialysis: Problems, Proposals, and a Path Forward

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):236-237. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7796

Health Policy and Medical Training: Breaking Down Barriers Between the Wards and the World

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):256-257. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.6848

Addressing End-of-Life Quality Gaps in Hematologic Cancers: The Importance of Early Concurrent Palliative Care

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):265-266. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.6994

The FDA and the Vaginal Mesh Controversy—Further Impetus to Change the 510(k) Pathway for Medical Device Approval

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):277-278. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7155
Editor's Note

An Intervention to Reduce Use of Low-Value Imaging Tests

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):198. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.6941

Making Data Submitted to the Food and Drug Administration More Visible

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):259. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.6773

Teaching High-Value Care on Rounds: Modeling Moderation

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):262-263. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.6982
Evidence to Practice

Effectiveness and Value of Treatment Options for Obesity—A Report for the California Technology Assessment Forum

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):247-248. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7189

This article summarizes an evidence report for the California Technology Assessment Forum about the comparative effectiveness and value of surgical, device, and new drug vs lifestyle, diet, and existing drug treatment of obesity.

Sacubitril-Valsartan for the Treatment of Heart Failure: Effectiveness and Value

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):249-250. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7661

This evidence review examines whether the sacubitril-valsartan benefits seen in a trial persist over many years, its cost-effectiveness, and its budgetary impact on the health care system.

Teachable Moment

A Tincture of Time—Latent Crystal Formation and Clinical Decision-Making in Acute Gout: A Teachable Moment

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):165-166. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.6824

The case of a patient with gout described in this Teachable Moment demonstrates the importance of clinical reasoning and current care delivery systems when treating patients suspected of having crystal arthropathy.

Research Letter

Patterns of Needlestick and Sharps Injuries Among Training Residents

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):251-252. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.6828

This observational study analyzes the incidence of needlestick and sharps injuries reported by medical residents between January 2000 and June 2014 trained at a US hospital.

Internal Medicine Resident Computer Usage: An Electronic Audit of an Inpatient Service

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):252-254. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.6831

This study examines resident behavior on an inpatient general medicine service to describe how trainees use the electronic health record to balance education and patient care.

Southern Medical Students’ Views on Medicaid Expansion

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):254-256. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.6835

This cross-sectional study surveys medical students in 8 Southern public medical schools about Medicaid eligibility in their states.

Drug Discontinuation and Follow-up Rates in Oral Antithrombotic Trials

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):257-259. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.6769

This report compares the follow-up rates for major oral antithrombotic trials as calculated by the US Food and Drug Administration vs published rates and analyzes drug discontinuation rates as a possible contributory cause of incomplete follow-up.

Distribution of Opioids by Different Types of Medicare Prescribers

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):259-261. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.6662

This study shows that contrary to the California Worker’s Compensation data showing a small subset of prescribers accounting for a disproportionately large percentage of opioid prescribing, Medicare opioid prescribing is distributed across many different types of prescribers and specialities.

Less Is More

Frequency of Attending Physician–Led Discussion of Test-Ordering Principles During Teaching Rounds

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):261-262. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.6979

This study sought to quantify how frequently attending physicians lead discussion of the 5 American College of Physicians test-ordering principles during teaching rounds.

Timeliness of End-of-Life Discussions for Blood Cancers: A National Survey of Hematologic Oncologists

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):263-265. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.6599

In this survey study, the authors examine timing for end-of-life discussions for patients with hematologic cancers.

Comparison of Radiation Doses and Best-Practice Use for Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in US and Non-US Laboratories: Findings From the IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) Nuclear Cardiology Protocols Study

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):266-269. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7102

This study compares actual myocardial perfusion imaging practice and radiation doses in US and non-US laboratories and identifies opportunities to improve radiation doses in the United States.

  • Editorial
    Imaging More Wisely
    JAMA Intern Med

Estimating the Reduction in the Radiation Burden From Nuclear Cardiology Through Use of Stress-Only Imaging in the United States and Worldwide

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):269-273. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7106

This study estimates current rates of stress-only imaging in cardiology patients in the United States and worldwide, as well as the potential effect of changes in this rate on the radiation burden to the US population.

  • Editorial
    Imaging More Wisely
    JAMA Intern Med

Less Is More

Use of Computed Tomography in Emergency Departments in the United States: A Decade of Coughs and Colds

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):273-275. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7098

This study examines the trends in the use of computed tomography in patients who present to emergency departments with respiratory symptoms.

  • Editorial
    Imaging More Wisely
    JAMA Intern Med

Regulatory Warnings and Use of Surgical Mesh in Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):275-277. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.6595

This study uses New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System data to determine the extent of use of vaginal mesh in pelvic organ prolapse after the most recent FDA warning.

Comment & Response

Spiritual Care Providers and Goals-of-Care Discussions

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):278-279. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7890

Spiritual Care Providers and Goals-of-Care Discussions—Reply

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):279. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7893

Proposed Guidelines for Future Vitamin D Studies

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):279-280. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7968

Proposed Guidelines for Future Vitamin D Studies

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):280. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7971

Proposed Guidelines for Future Vitamin D Studies

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):280-281. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7974

Proposed Guidelines for Future Vitamin D Studies—Reply

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):281-282. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7983

Finding the Balance of Less Is More

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):282. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7977

Finding the Balance of Less Is More

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):282-283. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.8089

Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):283-284. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7980

Finding the Balance of Less is More—Reply

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):283. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7986
Correction

Incorrect Sentences in Discussion

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):284. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.8416

Error in Wording in the Abstract and Methods Section and Reworded Figure 2 Title and Caption

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):284. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.8420

Correction to Introduction and Figure

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):284. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.0038

Errors in Sex Distribution

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):284. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.0060
Images From Our Readers

The Geirangerfjord, Norway

Abstract Full Text
JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):164. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7069
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JAMA Internal Medicine

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):160. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.4859
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