SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Megan A. Moreno, MD, MSEd, MPH; Aubrey D. Gower, BS; Marina C. Jenkins, BS; et al.
This cross-sectional content analysis assesses adherence of social media content of recreational marijuana companies in the state of Washington to Washington Administrative Code regulations.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e182242. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.2242
CARDIOLOGY
Haris Riaz, MD; Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, MD; Tariq Jamal Siddiqi, MBBS; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates evidence from mendelian randomization studies to provide a less biased estimate of any association between obesity and cardiometabolic outcomes, specifically coronary artery disease, stroke, or type 2 diabetes, among nearly 1 million participants.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e183788. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.3788
NEPHROLOGY
Katherine G. Garlo, MD; David W. Bates, MD, MSc; Diane L. Seger, RPh; et al.
This cohort study evaluated associations of increased creatinine levels, hyperkalemia, and continuation of therapy with the risk of emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and mortality within 1 year after initiation of renin angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitor (RAASI) therapy in patients with chronic kidney disease.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e183874. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.3874
NEUROLOGY
Richard E. Kennedy, MD, PhD; Gary R. Cutter, PhD; Mackenzie E. Fowler, MPH; et al.
This meta-analysis investigates whether concomitant use of cholinesterase inhibitors or memantine affect cognitive outcomes in Alzheimer disease (AD) clinical trials.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184080. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4080
STATISTICS AND RESEARCH METHODS
Thomas H. McCoy Jr, MD; Amelia M. Pellegrini, BA; Roy H. Perlis, MD, MSc
This cohort study assesses machine learning of time-series tools compared with simpler conventional methods to forecast the numbers of hospital discharges.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184087. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4087
DERMATOLOGY
Cathrine H. Mohn, MD; Hege Salvesen Blix, MSc, Pharm, PhD; Jon Anders Halvorsen, MD, PhD; et al.
This nationwide cohort study analyzes health register data from Norway to determine the incidence rate of atopic dermatitis among children younger than 6 years.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184145. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4145
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Invited Commentary
The Rise in Atopic Dermatitis in Young Children: What Is the Explanation?
Tamar Hajar, MD; Eric L. Simpson, MD, MCR
JAMA Netw Open
HEALTH POLICY
Krisda H. Chaiyachati, MD, MPH, MSHP; Mingyu Qi, MSc; Rachel M. Werner, MD, PhD
This cohort study of Medicare data from 2007 to 2015 examines disparities in readmission rates between white and black patients discharged from safety-net or non–safety-net hospitals after initiation of the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP).
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184154. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4154
IMMUNOLOGY
Sara Barmettler, MD; Mei-Sing Ong, PhD; Jocelyn R. Farmer, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the association of screening for hypogammaglobulinemia with the risk of infection and mortality in patients who received rituximab therapy.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184169. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4169
HEALTH INFORMATICS
Deborah D. Gordon, MBA; Ihsaan Patel, MPP; Amelia M. Pellegrini, BA; et al.
This in silico cohort study uses data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-III) to investigate whether discussions documented in narrative clinical notes about financial concerns between patients and clinicians are associated with health care decision making in the intensive care unit.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184178. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4178
PHARMACY AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Jeffrey J. Sutherland, PhD; Ryan D. Morrison, BA; Candace D. McNaughton, MD, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study uses a serum-based liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry assay to measure drug concentrations of medications in blood samples to assess the accuracy of medical records and patient adherence.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184196. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4196
HEALTH POLICY
Garth N. Graham, MD, MPH; Philip G. Jones, MS; Paul S. Chan, MD, MSc; et al.
This cohort study uses data from 2 US myocardial infarction registries to assess whether demographic or clinical characteristics differ between self-identified black patients and white patients or are associated with 1- or 5-year survival after acute myocardial infarction.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184240. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4240
HEALTH POLICY
Scott A. Berkowitz, MD, MBA; Shriram Parashuram, PhD, MPH; Kathy Rowan, PhD, MPH; et al.
This quality improvement study compares the outcomes and costs of Medicare and Medicaid participants who took part in an acute care intervention or a community intervention in Baltimore, Maryland, vs a comparison group drawn from similar Maryland hospitals.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184273. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4273
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Invited Commentary
Can Better Care Coordination Lower Health Care Costs?
Dhruv Khullar, MD, MPP; Dave A. Chokshi, MD, MSc
JAMA Netw Open
PSYCHIATRY
Tracy R. G. Gladstone, PhD; Daniela A. Terrizzi, PhD, RN; Allison Paulson, MPH; et al.
This randomized clinical trial evaluates the effect of cognitive behavioral humanistic and interpersonal training vs a general health education attention control on the risk of depression in at-risk adolescents identified in primary care.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184278. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4278
HEALTH POLICY
Eric C. Sun, MD, PhD; Richard P. Dutton, MD, MBA; Anupam B. Jena, MD, PhD
This cross-sectional study analyzes data from the National Anesthesia Clinical Outcomes Registry to determine the incidence of anomalous billing among anesthesia practitioners in the United States.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184288. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4288
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Invited Commentary
Is Upcoding Anesthesia Time the Tip of the Iceberg in Insurance Fraud?
Alberto Coustasse, DrPH, MD, MBA, MPH; Mike Frame, DMPNA, APRN, CRNA; Avinandan Mukherjee, PhD
JAMA Netw Open
PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
Addie Middleton, PhD, DPT; James E. Graham, PhD, DC; Janet Prvu Bettger, ScD; et al.
This cohort study examines facility-level and geographic variation in rates of successful community discharges after inpatient rehabilitation among fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184332. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4332
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Invited Commentary
Statistical Quality Measures for Postacute Care Community Discharge: Through a Glass Darkly
Laurence F. McMahon Jr, MD, MPH; Jennifer Meddings, MD, MSc
JAMA Netw Open
NEUROLOGY
Juan Luis Méndez-Gómez, PhD; Amandine Pelletier, PhD; Marie-Bénédicte Rougier, MD, PhD; et al.
This population-based, cross-sectional study explores the association between the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and brain alterations in the visual and limbic networks in elderly people without dementia.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184406. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4406
GLOBAL HEALTH
Benjamin Bowe, MPH; Yan Xie, MPH; Tingting Li, MD; et al.
This analysis of Global Burden of Disease 2016 study data and methodologies describes the change in burden of chronic kidney disease at the US state level from 2002 to 2016.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184412. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4412
NEUROLOGY
Michal S. Beeri, PhD; Hung-Mo Lin, PhD; Mary Sano, PhD; et al.
This cohort study assesses the association of haptoglobin genotypes with cognitive function and decline in elderly African American adults with type 2 diabetes.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184458. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4458
PSYCHIATRY
Janna A. Dickenson, PhD; Neil Gleason, MA; Eli Coleman, PhD; et al.
This survey study investigates the prevalence of distress and impairment associated with difficulty controlling one’s sexual feelings, urges, and behaviors among US men and women.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184468. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4468
PSYCHIATRY
William E. Copeland, PhD; Lilly Shanahan, PhD; Jennifer Hinesley, PsyD; et al.
This cohort study examines association between cumulative childhood trauma exposure and long-term psychiatric and functional outcomes in adulthood.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184493. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4493
CARDIOLOGY
Steven M. Bradley, MD, MPH; Wenhui Liu, MS; Bryan McNally, MD, MPH; et al.
This cohort study examines whether the use of therapeutic hypothermia and patient survival have changed after publication of the Targeted Temperature Management trial, which supported more lenient temperature management for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184511. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4511
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
Patrick D. Tyler, MD; Hao Du, BS; Mengling Feng, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study uses data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care database to investigate how laboratory values of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) differ from the standard reference range and to examine whether these differences are associated with mortality and length of stay in the ICU.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184521. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4521
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Joel G. Ray, MD, FRCPC, MSc; Alison L. Park, MSc; Susie Dzakpasu, PhD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates 15 years’ worth of hospital obstetric delivery records from national health databases in Ontario, Canada, to examine the association of severe maternal morbidity indicators with maternal mortality among women shortly after childbirth.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184571. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4571
MEDICAL EDUCATION
Shelley Ross, PhD; Natalia M. Binczyk, BMSc; Deena M. Hamza, PhD; et al.
This cohort study uses secondary data from archived physician resident files from before and after implementation of a competency-based medical education tool to examine the association between this tool and detection and documentation of support for residents’ deficiencies in competence.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184581. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4581
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
Hanfei Xu, MS; L. Adrienne Cupples, PhD; Andrew Stokes, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates the association between maximum body mass index (BMI) and all-cause mortality for the original and offspring cohorts of the Framingham Heart Study without the consequences of reverse causality.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184587. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4587
ONCOLOGY
Benjamin J. Resio, MD; Alexander S. Chiu, MD; Jessica R. Hoag, PhD; et al.
This nationally representative survey study examines the motivators, barriers, and facilitators for traveling to the safest hospitals in the United States for patients needing complex cancer surgery.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184595. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4595
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Invited Commentary
Regionalization of Complex Cancer Surgery: How, When, and Why?
Nabil Wasif, MD, MPH; David A. Etzioni, MD, MSHS
JAMA Netw Open
HEALTH POLICY
Marcelo Cardarelli, MD, MPH; Sumeet Vaikunth, MD; Katie Mills, DNP; et al.
This economic evaluation examines the cost-effectiveness of humanitarian pediatric cardiac surgery interventions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184707. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4707
ALLERGY
Marcus Shaker, MD, MS; Matthew Greenhawt, MD, MBA, MSc
This economic evaluation uses a cost-effectiveness model with inputs including allergy fatality rates, device carriage rates, and market device costs to investigate the value-based price of an epinephrine autoinjector for children with peanut allergy.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184728. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4728
HEMATOLOGY
Elliott R. Haut, MD, PhD; Jonathan K. Aboagye, MB ChB, MPH; Dauryne L. Shaffer, MSN, RN; et al.
This pre-post intervention comparison study evaluates a real-time patient-centered education bundle intervention aimed to reduce nonadministration of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis among hospitalized patients in surgical and medical units.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184741. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4741
PSYCHIATRY
Jace B. King, PhD; Molly B. D. Prigge, PhD; Carolyn K. King, BA; et al.
This cohort study investigates the differences in temporal synchrony between brain regions in individuals with autism and those with typical development.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184777. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4777
HEALTH POLICY
Renuka Tipirneni, MD, MSc; Mary C. Politi, PhD; Jeffrey T. Kullgren, MD, MS, MPH; et al.
This survey study examines the association between delayed or foregone preventive and nonpreventive health care service use and the level of understanding of health insurance coverage among US adults.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184796. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4796
CARDIOLOGY
Zihan Jiang, MD; Rachel P. Dreyer, PhD; John A. Spertus, MD; et al.
This cohort study determines the rate of return to work among Chinese patients within 12 months after acute myocardial infarction, classifies the reasons why patients did not return to work, and identifies patient factors associated with returning to work after acute myocardial infarction.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184831. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4831
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Invited Commentary
Work and Cardiovascular Disease in China
Haider J. Warraich, MD; Tracy Y. Wang, MD, MHS, MSc; Robert M. Califf, MD
JAMA Netw Open
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Tory R. Spindle, PhD; Edward J. Cone, PhD; Nicolas J. Schlienz, PhD; et al.
This crossover study evaluates the acute effects of smoked vs vaporized cannabis use, at multiple Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) doses, among healthy adults who infrequently use cannabis.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184841. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4841
HEALTH POLICY
Marcello Tonelli, MD, SM, MSc; Natasha Wiebe, MMath, PStat; Braden J. Manns, MD, MSc; et al.
This cohort study compares 9 markers of patient complexity among patients treated by physicians in different specialties in Alberta, Canada, using data collected by the province’s universal health care system.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184852. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4852
UROLOGY
Mette Nørgaard, MD, PhD; Katalin Veres, MSc; Anne Gulbech Ording, MHS, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines inpatient, emergency department, and outpatient data to assess the risk of urologic or nonurologic cancer among Danish adults with hematuria first diagnosed at the hospital.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184909. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4909
PUBLIC HEALTH
Jordan E. DeVylder, PhD; Hyun-Jin Jun, PhD; Lisa Fedina, PhD; et al.
This general population survey study evaluates the association between past 12-month exposure to police violence and concurrent mental health symptoms among urban residents in 2 US cities.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184945. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4945
PEDIATRICS
Meijin Cai, BSc Hons; See Ling Loy, PhD; Kok Hian Tan, MBBS; et al.
This cohort study uses data from the Growing Up in Singapore Toward Healthy Outcomes study to investigate the association between elective and emergency cesarean delivery and early childhood overweight at 12 months.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e185025. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.5025
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Invited Commentary
Mode of Delivery and Childhood Obesity: Is There a Cause for Concern?
Caroline Mitchell, MD; Jorge E. Chavarro, MD, ScD
JAMA Netw Open
PEDIATRICS
Joshua L. Bonkowsky, MD, PhD; Jacob Wilkes, BA; Tyler Bardsley, MS; et al.
This case-control study compares the likelihood of being diagnosed with a leukodystrophy among US pediatric and adolescent patients of different racial/ethnic backgrounds and examines the prevalence of genes associated with leukodystrophy among racial/ethnic groups to investigate whether there are disparities in leukodystrophy diagnosis in different racial backgrounds.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e185031. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.5031
HEALTH POLICY
Paul G. Shekelle, MD, PhD; Dana P. Goldman, PhD
This pilot study assesses the accuracy of predictions made in 2001 by expert clinicians and researchers on technologic innovations in therapy for Alzheimer disease and cardiovascular disease by 2021.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e185108. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.5108
SURGERY
Julia Neily, RN, MS, MPH; Christina Soncrant, MPH; Peter D. Mills, PhD, MS; et al.
This quality improvement study examines the rate of surgical adverse events in US Veterans Health Administration medical centers from 2010 to 2017 and compares it with rates from previous studies.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e185147. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.5147
PSYCHIATRY
Sarah A. Sullivan, PhD; William Hamilton, MD; Kate Tilling, PhD; et al.
This nested case-control study evaluates whether the consultation patterns for a prespecified set of symptoms can be used to identify patients attending primary care who later developed a psychotic illness.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e185174. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.5174
EMERGENCY MEDICINE
Renee Y. Hsia, MD, MSc; Delphine Huang, MD; N. Clay Mann, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study investigates whether ambulance response time to 9-1-1 calls were longer in low-income vs high-income areas and compares response times with national benchmarks of 4, 8, or 15 minutes across income quartiles.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e185202. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.5202
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
Kathryn Walton, PhD, RD; Nicholas J. Horton, ScD; Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines whether level of family functioning is associated with frequency of family dinners and dietary intake among a US national sample of adolescents and young adults in the Growing Up Today Study 2.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e185217. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.5217
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Laura Rodger, MD; Stephannie Dresden Glockler-Lauf, MPH; Esfandiar Shojaei, MD; et al.
This case series study compares outcomes for persons in Canada who inject drugs with a first episode of infective endocarditis treated surgically vs those not treated surgically and examines factors associated with mortality.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e185220. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.5220
CARDIOLOGY
J. Antonio Gutierrez, MD, MHS; Hillary Mulder, MS; W. Schuyler Jones, MD; et al.
This secondary analysis of the Examining Use of Ticagrelor in Peripheral Artery Disease (EUCLID) trial examines the risk of ischemic events in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and polyvascular disease (PAD with coronary artery disease [CAD] and/or cerebrovascular disease [CVD]).
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e185239. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.5239
NEUROLOGY
Ruth R. Franco, MD, MSc; Erich T. Fonoff, MD, PhD; Pedro G. Alvarenga, MD, PhD; et al.
This study of a case series of 4 patients investigates the safety and efficacy of deep brain stimulation for obesity associated with Prader-Willi syndrome.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e185275. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.5275
MEDICAL EDUCATION
Andrea Gurmankin Levy, PhD, MBe; Aaron M. Scherer, PhD; Brian J. Zikmund-Fisher, PhD; et al.
This survey study evaluates adult patients’ frequency of and reasons for withholding information from health care professionals that may affect diagnoses and therapy.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e185293. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.5293
PEDIATRICS
Courtney Benjamin Wolk, PhD; Amelia E. Van Pelt, MPH; Shari Jager-Hyman, PhD; et al.
This qualitative study assesses the needs of stakeholders who would be affected by implementing an evidence-based approach to firearm safety promotion in pediatric primary care settings as a youth suicide prevention strategy.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e185309. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.5309
PSYCHIATRY
C. Sophia Albott, MD, MA; Miriam K. Forbes, PhD; Justin J. Anker, PhD
This US national survey examines how a history of adverse childhood experiences moderates the association between life stress and transdiagnostic psychopathology factors in adults responding to the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e185354. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.5354
SURGERY
Konrad Salata, MD; Mohamad A. Hussain, MD, PhD; Charles de Mestral, MD, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional, time-series analysis examines the prevalence of open and endovascular elective and ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm repairs by age and sex from 2003 to 2016 in Ontario, Canada.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e185418. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.5418
IMAGING
Aldo Badano, PhD; Christian G. Graff, PhD; Andreu Badal, PhD; et al.
This diagnostic study uses computer-simulated imaging to evaluate digital breast tomosynthesis vs digital mammography for the detection of lesions.
JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e185474. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.5474