EMERGENCY MEDICINE
Ula Hwang, MD, MPH; Scott M. Dresden, MD, MS; Carmen Vargas-Torres, MA; et al.
This cross-sectional study assesses the association of geriatric emergency department program implementation with Medicare costs per beneficiary.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e2037334. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.37334
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Invited Commentary
Geriatric Emergency Care Reduces Health Care Costs—What Are the Next Steps?
Maura Kennedy, MD, MPH; Kei Ouchi, MD, MPH; Kevin Biese, MD, MAT
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210147. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0147
ONCOLOGY
Thomas Callender, MBChB, MSc; Mark Emberton, MBBS, MD; Stephen Morris, PhD; et al.
This decision analytical model uses a hypothetical cohort of men in England to evaluate whether magnetic resonance imaging before biopsy for prostate cancer screening is associated with improvements in benefit-harm and cost-effectiveness profiles compared with biopsy-first screening.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e2037657. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.37657
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Invited Commentary
Prostate Cancer Screening—The Need for and Clinical Relevance of Decision Analytical Models
Michael Borre, MD, PhD, DrMedSci
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212182. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2182
CARDIOLOGY
Caroline Madrigal, PhD, RN; Jenny Kim; Lan Jiang, MS; et al.
This cohort study assesses the association between delirium and functional recovery for patients recently discharged to skilled nursing facilities after heart failure hospitalization.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e2037968. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.37968
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Cora Peterson, PhD; Mengyao Li, PhD; Likang Xu, MD; et al.
This economic evaluation investigates the annual estimated medical cost of substance use disorder in US emergency departments and inpatient settings.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210242. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0242
MEDICAL EDUCATION
Nancy Denizard-Thompson, MD; Deepak Palakshappa, MD, MSHP; Andrea Vallevand, PhD; et al.
This cohort study assesses whether a health equity curriculum is associated with knowledge of social determinants of health and confidence with working with underserved populations among US medical students.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210297. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0297
ONCOLOGY
Sophia H. L. George, PhD; Talia Donenberg, MS, CGC; Cheryl Alexis, MD; et al.
This genetic association study assesses the prevalence of pathogenic gene variants among adults with breast and ovarian cancer in 7 Caribbean nations.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210307. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0307
GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
Shirley Cohen-Mekelburg, MD, MS; Beth I. Wallace, MD, MS; Tony Van, MA; et al.
This cohort study examines the association between use of anti–tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy or corticosteroids and all-cause mortality in a national cohort of veterans with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210313. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0313
PEDIATRICS
Yu Shi, MD, MPH; Lindsay R. Hunter Guevara, MD; Hayley J. Dykhoff, BA; et al.
This cohort study uses a US birth cohort of children covered by commercial insurance to examine the association between race/ethnicity and diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210321. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0321
HEALTH POLICY
Amanda Katherina Herbrand, MD; Andreas M. Schmitt, MD; Matthias Briel, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the association of evidence for benefit from randomized clinical trials with off-label cancer drug reimbursement decisions in Switzerland.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210380. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0380
HEALTH INFORMATICS
Riccardo Lubrano, MD, PhD; Silvia Bloise, MD; Alessia Testa, MD; et al.
This cohort study examines whether the use of surgical face masks among children was associated with changes in respiratory function or signs of respiratory distress.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210414. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0414
CARDIOLOGY
Shao-Wei Chen, MD, PhD; Yi-Hsin Chan, MD; Chia-Pin Lin, MD; et al.
This cohort study using the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan compares outcomes after long-term use of β-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, or other antihypertensive medications among adults treated for aortic dissection.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210469. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0469
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Danielle R. Fine, MD, MSc; Elizabeth Lewis, MBA; Karen Weinstock, BS; et al.
This cohort study examines the association between mortality and retention within office-based addiction treatment settings in individuals with opioid use disorder who are experiencing homelessness.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210477. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0477
HEALTH POLICY
Mariana P. Socal, MD, PhD, MS, MPP; Ge Bai, PhD, CPA; Gerard F. Anderson, PhD
This cross-sectional study assessed factors associated with prescriptions of branded medications when generic drugs were available using Medicare part D multisource prescription drug claims in 2017.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210483. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0483
PUBLIC HEALTH
Jonathan D. Fuchs, MD, MPH; Henry Clay Carter, BA; Jennifer Evans, MPH; et al.
This cohort study assesses the safety of a hotel-based isolation and quarantine care system and its association with hospital inpatient capacity during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210490. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0490
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Invited Commentary
Housing Is an Essential Part of Health Care—“Treat ‘Em and House ‘Em”
Joshua A. Barocas, MD; Esther K. Choo, MD, MPH
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210635. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0635
HEALTH POLICY
Jorge L. De Avila, BS; David O. Meltzer, MD, PhD; James X. Zhang, PhD, MS
This cohort study evaluates the prevalence and persistence of cost-related medication nonadherence (CRN) among Medicare beneficiaries at high risk of hospitalization as well as the characteristics associated with CRN in this population.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210498. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0498
SURGERY
Ryan Howard, MD; Kushal Singh, MPH; Michael Englesbe, MD
This cross-sectional study describes the prevalence of smoking in a population of patients undergoing common surgical procedures and identifies any clinical or demographic characteristics associated with smoking.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210553. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0553
PSYCHIATRY
Shirley B. Wang, AM; Daniel D. L. Coppersmith, AM; Evan M. Kleiman, PhD; et al.
This prognostic study tests whether modeling dynamic changes in real-time suicidal thoughts during psychiatric hospitalization can improve predictions of postdischarge suicide attempts vs using only baseline data or using the mean level of real-time suicidal thoughts during hospitalization.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210591. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0591
NEUROLOGY
Christina N. Feller, BA, BS; May Goldenberg, BS; Patrick D. Asselin, MD; et al.
This cohort study identifies neuro-ophthalmologic measures that accurately differentiate athletes with and without concussion.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210599. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0599
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Eric T. Lofgren, PhD; Matthew Mietchen, MPH; Kristen V. Dicks, MD; et al.
This mathematical modeling study estimates the decolonization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) associated with chlorhexidine gluconate and mupirocin in a simulated intensive care unit (ICU).
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210652. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0652
CARDIOLOGY
Suzanne Brodney, PhD; K. D. Valentine, PhD; Karen Sepucha, PhD; et al.
This survey study examines the preferences of patients for use of statin therapy in prevention of cardiovascular disease based on the participants’ understanding of the benefits and risks associated with use of the medications.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210661. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0661
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Invited Commentary
Soliciting Patients to Help Define Treatment Thresholds
Kathryn A. Martinez, PhD, MPH; Michael B. Rothberg, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211181. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1181
EMERGENCY MEDICINE
Peter R. Chai, MD, MMS; Farah Z. Dadabhoy, MD; Hen-Wei Huang, PhD; et al.
This descriptive survey and cohort study investigates the acceptability and feasibility of using a mobile robotic system to facilitate health care tasks in a hospital setting.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210667. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0667
GERIATRICS
Kieran L. Quinn, MD, MSc; Pete Wegier, PhD; Therese A. Stukel, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the delivery of palliative care among adults in their last year of life who died of terminal noncancer illness compared with those who died of cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210677. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0677
PUBLIC HEALTH
Lilia Cervantes, MD; Marlene Martin, MD; Maria G. Frank, MD; et al.
This qualitative study describes the experiences of Latinx adults who were hospitalized for and survived coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in 2 major US cities.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210684. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0684
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Invited Commentary
Listening to Latinx Patient Perspectives on COVID-19 to Inform Future Prevention Efforts
India J. Ornelas, PhD, MPH; Gbenga Ogedegbe, MD
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210737. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0737
SURGERY
Harleen K. Sandhu, MD, MPH; Charles C. Miller III, PhD; Akiko Tanaka, MD, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial investigates the effectiveness of liposomal bupivacaine vs standard bupivacaine for postoperative pain in patients with truncal incisions for cardiothoracic or vascular procedures.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210753. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0753
HEALTH POLICY
Joseph Nwadiuko, MD, MPH, MSHP; Jashalynn German, MD; Kavita Chapla, MD; et al.
This cohort study examines the changes in use of health care services among undocumented immigrants during increased anti-immigrant rhetoric before the 2016 presidential election.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210763. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0763
NEPHROLOGY
Licong Su, MD; Yanqin Li, MD; Ruqi Xu, MD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the risks and incidence of acute kidney injury observed in hospitalized children who received ibuprofen, the most commonly prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug in the world.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210775. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0775
PSYCHIATRY
Tianyang Zhang, MSc; Gustaf Brander, PhD; Ängla Mantel, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study uses data from multiple Swedish birth registries to assess whether cesarean birth is associated with neurodevelopmental or psychiatric disorders in children delivered in this manner.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210837. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0837
ONCOLOGY
Ryan Brewster, BA; Natasha Purington, MS; Solomon Henry, MS; et al.
This cohort study assesses whether lymphopenia at diagnosis is associated with overall survival among patients with localized bone and soft tissue sarcoma.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210845. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0845
ONCOLOGY
Jace P. Landry, MD; Kelsey L. Schertz, BS; Yi-Ju Chiang, MSPH; et al.
This cohort study examines the cancer prevalence and survival outcomes among patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 vs the general population.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210945. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0945
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Invited Commentary
Cancer and Neurofibromatosis Type 1—Confirming What We Knew and Telling Us Something New
Thierry Alcindor, MD, MSc
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211061. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1061
HEALTH POLICY
S. Ryan Greysen, MD, MHS, MA; Sujatha Changolkar, BA; Dylan S. Small, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial tests a behaviorally designed gamification intervention with a social support partner to increase patient mobility after hospital discharge.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210952. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0952
PSYCHIATRY
Alexander McGirr, MD, PhD; Fidel Vila-Rodriguez, MD, PhD; Jaeden Cole, BSc; et al.
This randomized clinical trial examines whether intermittent theta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is safe and efficacious in the treatment of acute bipolar depression.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210963. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0963
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Invited Commentary
Therapeutic Neuromodulation for Bipolar Disorder—The Case for Biomarker-Driven Treatment Development
Joan A. Camprodon, MD, MPH, PhD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211055. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1055
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Karim Khader, PhD; Alun Thomas, PhD; Vanessa Stevens, PhD; et al.
This cohort study estimates the effectiveness of contact precautions on reducing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) transmission in US Department of Veterans Affairs hospitals based on the MRSA Prevention Initiative.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210971. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0971
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Invited Commentary
Contact Precautions and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus—Modeling Our Way to Safety
Michihiko Goto, MD, MSCI; Anthony D. Harris, MD, MSPH; Eli N. Perencevich, MD, MS
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211574. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1574
ONCOLOGY
Jessica J. Waninger, BS; Vincent T. Ma, MD; Sara Journey, BS; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the outcomes of patients with metastatic cutaneous melanoma based on the M stage category from the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) eighth edition and determines whether these designations continue to inform the prognosis of patients who have received immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210980. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0980
PEDIATRICS
Carmel Salhi, ScD; Deborah Azrael, PhD; Matthew Miller, MD, ScD
This survey study examines adolescent firearm access in homes with guns, how storage may modify access, and discordance between parent and adolescent report of access.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210989. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0989
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Invited Commentary
Adolescent Access to Firearms—This Is Definitely Our Lane
Shayla A. Sullivant, MD; M. Denise Dowd, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211333. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1333
NEUROLOGY
Sophie Richter, MD; Stefan Winzeck, MSc; Evgenios N. Kornaropoulos, PhD; et al.
This multicenter cohort study assesses neuroanatomical substrates in patients with mild traumatic brain injury and the optimal timing for magnetic resonance imaging.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210994. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0994
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Invited Commentary
The Prognostic Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Biomarkers in Mild Traumatic Injury
Elie Massaad, MD; John H. Shin, MD; Wende N. Gibbs, MD, MA
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211824. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1824
NEUROLOGY
Crystal Shaw, MS; Eleanor Hayes-Larson, PhD, MPH; M. Maria Glymour, ScD; et al.
This decision analytical model assesses the potential role of selective survival in sex/gender differences in dementia incidence.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211001. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1001
PULMONARY MEDICINE
Bianca Pivetta, HBSc; Lina Chen, BSc; Mahesh Nagappa, MBBS; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the utility of the STOP-Bang (snoring, tired, observed apnea, blood pressure, body mass index, age, neck size, gender) questionnaire in the sleep clinic setting to screen for and stratify the risk of obstructive sleep apnea among populations from different geographical regions.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211009. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1009
PSYCHIATRY
Nanja Holland Hansen, MCounseling; Lise Juul, PhD; Karen-Johanne Pallesen, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial examines the effect of a compassion cultivation training program on depression, anxiety, and stress among informal caregivers of people with mental illness in Denmark.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211020. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1020
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Piero Poletti, PhD; Marcello Tirani, MD; Danilo Cereda, MD; et al.
This cohort study examines the association of age with the likelihood of experiencing symptoms and progressing to critical illness after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Italy.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211085. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1085
NEPHROLOGY
James Nugent, MD, MPH; Abinet Aklilu, MD; Yu Yamamoto, MS; et al.
This cohort study compares kidney function post discharge in patients with and without COVID-19 who experienced acute kidney injury during hospitalization.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211095. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1095
CARDIOLOGY
Joel Ohm, MD; Per H. Skoglund, MD, PhD; Henrike Häbel, PhD; et al.
This nationwide cohort study conducted in a country with a public health care system assesses whether socioeconomic status is associated with risk factor target achievements or with risk-modifying activities among community-dwelling adults in the year after surviving first-ever myocardial infarction.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211129. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1129
ONCOLOGY
Hyo Jung Park, MD, PhD; Kyung Won Kim, MD, PhD; Sang Eun Won, MS; et al.
The systematic review and meta-analysis examines differences in the criteria and definitions used for hyperprogressive disease in studies assessing patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors for cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211136. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1136
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Invited Commentary
Hyperprogression in Patients With Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Kartik Sehgal, MD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211839. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1839
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
Natasha Wiebe, MMath, PStat; Feng Ye, MSc, PStat; Ellen T. Crumley, MLIS, PhD; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis summarize evidence on the temporality of the association between higher body mass index and chronic inflammation and/or hyperinsulinemia.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211263. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1263
GERIATRICS
Mary E. Tinetti, MD; Darcé M. Costello, EdD, MPH, MBA; Aanand D. Naik, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study describes the outcome goals and health care preferences of older adults with multiple chronic conditions.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211271. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1271
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Invited Commentary
Making Care Fit in the Lives and Loves of Patients With Chronic Conditions
Marleen Kunneman, PhD; Victor Montori, MD, MSc
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211576. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1576
HEALTH INFORMATICS
Baptiste Vasey, MMed; Stephan Ursprung, MMed; Benjamin Beddoe, BSc; et al.
This systematic review examines the association between use of machine learning–based clinical decision support systems and clinician performance.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211276. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1276
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Invited Commentary
Discovery, Learning, and Experimentation With Artificial Intelligence–Based Tools at the Point of Care—Perils and Opportunity
Andrew Auerbach, MD, MPH; Stephan D Fihn, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211474. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1474
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Jesse T. Jacob, MD; Julia M. Baker, PhD; Scott K. Fridkin, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study evaluates the risk factors associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seropositivity among health care personnel.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211283. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1283
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Invited Commentary
Community COVID-19 Incidence and Health Care Personnel COVID-19 Seroprevalence
Shruti K. Gohil, MD, MPH; Susan S. Huang, MD, MPH
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211575. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1575
NEUROLOGY
Ignacio Illán-Gala, MD, PhD; Neus Falgàs, MD, PhD; Adit Friedberg, MD, PhD; et al.
This diagnostic/prognostic study assesses the utility of 6 visual atrophy scales and the Magnetic Resonance Parkinsonism Index in patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia to distinguish those with high vs low confidence of frontotemporal lobar degeneration.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211290. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1290
NEUROLOGY
Joshua Kamins, MD; Rachel Richards, MS; Bradley J. Barney, PhD; et al.
This cohort study of youth experiencing posttraumatic headache following concussion examines the association between migraine phenotype and recovery outcomes.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211312. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1312
PEDIATRICS
Christine Strand Bachmann, MD; Kari Risnes, MD, PhD; Johan Håkon Bjørngaard, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the association between preterm birth and psychotropic drug prescriptions during adolescence and young adulthood.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211420. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1420
HEALTH INFORMATICS
Colin G. Walsh, MD, MA; Kevin B. Johnson, MD, MS; Michael Ripperger; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the performance of a suicide attempt risk prediction model implemented in a vendor-supplied electronic health record to predict subsequent suicidal ideation and suicide attempt.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211428. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1428
PEDIATRICS
David Finkelhor, PhD; Heather Turner, PhD; Deirdre LaSelva, MA
This cross-sectional study estimates the proportion of children with high levels of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and/or high levels of mental health symptoms who were not receiving services from behavioral health professionals.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211435. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1435
PSYCHIATRY
Marie C. Navarro, MPH; Isabelle Ouellet-Morin, PhD; Marie-Claude Geoffroy, PhD; et al.
This prognostic study examines the use of early factors in predicting suicide attempt in adolescence and young adulthood.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211450. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1450
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Virginie Lambrecq, MD, PhD; Aurélie Hanin, PharmD; Esteban Munoz-Musat, MD; et al.
This cohort study investigates clinical, biological, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in association with electroencephalographic (EEG) features for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and refines the features of COVID-19–related encephalopathy.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211489. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1489
GERIATRICS
Pei-Lun Kuo, MD, MPH, PhD; Alison R. Huang, MPH; Joshua R. Ehrlich, MD, MPH; et al.
This cohort study of community-dwelling older adults in the US examined the age-specific prevalence of functional dual sensory impairment and assessed cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between functional dual impairment and dementia.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211558. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1558
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Invited Commentary
Hearing, Vision, or Dual Sensory Impairment and Dementia Risk
Elham Mahmoudi, PhD, MS
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211846. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1846
ORTHOPEDICS
Nicholas J. Giori, MD, PhD; John Radin, MPH; Alison Callahan, PhD; et al.
This cohort study quantifies the extractability and accuracy of registry-relevant data from the electronic health record (EHR) and assesses the ability of these data to track trends in implant use and implant survivorship, using data stored since 2000 in the EHR of the largest integrated health care system in the United States.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211728. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1728
PATHOLOGY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE
Oscar Holmström, MD, PhD; Nina Linder, MD, PhD; Harrison Kaingu, BS; et al.
This diagnostic study uses data from a single health center in Kenya to investigate the use of digital microscopy and artificial intelligence in a resource-limited area to detect abnormal cells in Papanicolaou tests.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211740. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1740
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
Sanjay Basu, MD, PhD; Melissa Akers, MPH; Seth A. Berkowitz, MD, MPH; et al.
This pre-post cohort study assesses the association between food vouchers for produce and different changes in diet among adults in Los Angeles and San Francisco, California.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211757. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1757
HEALTH POLICY
Sungchul Park, PhD, MPH; Jeah Jung, PhD, MPH; Robert E. Burke, MD, MS; et al.
This cross-sectional study compares use of low-value care among individuals enrolled in traditional Medicare and those enrolled in Medicare Advantage and examines trends in use from 2006 to 2015.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211762. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1762
HEALTH POLICY
Hyunjee Kim, PhD; Thomas H. A. Meath, MPH; Ana R. Quiñones, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the association of the Medicare Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement model with the receipt of elective joint replacement across White, Black, and Hispanic Medicare beneficiaries.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211772. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1772
PEDIATRICS
Frances L. Lynch, PhD, MSPH; John F. Dickerson, PhD, MS; Michelle S. Rozenman, PhD; et al.
This economic evaluation assessed the cost-effectiveness of a pediatric transdiagnostic brief behavioral therapy program for anxiety and/or depression in primary care compared with assisted referral to community outpatient mental health care.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211778. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1778
ONCOLOGY
Jiaqiang Zhang, MD, PhD; Chang-Yun Lu, MD; Ho-Min Chen, MS; et al.
This cohort study evaluate all-cause mortality among patients with strongly hormone receptor–positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2)–negative breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant endocrine therapy vs neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211785. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1785
ONCOLOGY
Daniel X. Yang, MD; Rohan Khera, MD, MS; Joseph A. Miccio, MD; et al.
This cohort study examines real-world data in the National Cancer Database to assess the prevalence of missing data and the association between missing data and overall survival among patients with the 3 most common types of cancer in the US.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211793. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1793
PUBLIC HEALTH
Ahmed Hossain, PhD; Redwan Bin Abdul Baten, MPH; Zeeba Zahra Sultana, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the prevalence of posttraumatic stress symptoms among displaced Rohingya adults and investigates the association of predisplacement abuse and postdisplacement factors with posttraumatic stress symptoms.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211801. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1801
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Invited Commentary
Refugee Mental Health—An Urgent Call for Research and Action
Altaf Saadi, MD, MSc; Tala Al-Rousan, MD, MPH; Rawan AlHeresh, PhD, OTR/L
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212543. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2543
GERIATRICS
Julia G. Burgdorf, PhD; Chanee D. Fabius, PhD; Catherine Riffin, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study assesses the prevalence and factors associated with receipt of adequate transitional care training among caregivers of older adults undergoing posthospitalization care transition.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211806. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1806
ONCOLOGY
Hong Pan, MD, PhD; Hui Wang, MS; Mengjia Qian, MS; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the association of distant vs ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node metastases with survival among patients with breast cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211809. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1809
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Invited Commentary
Distant Lymph Node Metastases From Breast Cancer—Is it Time to Review TNM Cancer Staging?
Yutian Zou, MD; Xiaoqian Hu, MSc; Xinpei Deng, MD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212026. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2026
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Teresa Janevic, PhD, MPH; Kimberly B. Glazer, PhD, MPH; Luciana Vieira, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study uses a difference-in-differences analysis to assess whether racial/ethnic disparities in very preterm birth or preterm birth increased in the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic vs the year prior to the pandemic among women who delivered in New York City.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211816. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1816
ONCOLOGY
Harbi Khalayleh, MD; Young-Woo Kim, MD, PhD; Hong Man Yoon, MD; et al.
This cohort study assesses lymph node (LN) metastasis in patients with gastric cancer to identify those suitable for middle segmental gastrectomy.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211840. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1840
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Invited Commentary
The Prognostic Importance of Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients With Gastric Cancer and Identifying Those Suitable for Middle Segmental Gastrectomy
Helen Pham, MBBS, MS, MPH; Arthur J. Richardson, MBBS, DClinSurg
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211877. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1877
SURGERY
Daniella Karassawa Zanoni, MD; Hilda E. Stambuk, MD; Brian Madajewski, PhD; et al.
This nonrandomized clinical trial evaluates whether an ultrasmall, molecularly targeted core-shell silica nanoparticle can safely and reliably identify optically avid SLNs in head and neck melanoma during fluorescence-guided biopsy.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211936. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1936
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Ellicott C. Matthay, PhD; Mathew V. Kiang, ScD; Holly Elser, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the incidence of self-harm and assault injuries in the US since the legalization of medical as well as recreational use of cannabis.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211955. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1955
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Invited Commentary
Cannabis Policy Heterogeneity and Effects on Research—Complexity Expected
Julie K. Johnson, PhD; Samantha M. Doonan, BA
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212545. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2545
PEDIATRICS
Gene H. Brody, PhD; Tianyi Yu, PhD; Edith Chen, PhD; et al.
This secondary analysis of 2 randomized clinical trials examines the effects of family-centered prevention programs in mediating the adverse mental health outcomes associated with experience of racial discrimination among Black youths.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211964. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1964
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Invited Commentary
The Use of Protective Caregiving to Create Positive Racial-Ethnic Socialization and Mitigate Psychological Outcomes of Racial Discrimination
Samantha V. Hill, MD, MPH; Tamera Coyne-Beasley, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212544. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2544
ONCOLOGY
Diana L. Miglioretti, PhD; Michael C. S. Bissell, PhD; Karla Kerlikowske, MD; et al.
This cohort study assesses strategies to triage patients for mammogram cancer screening during times of reduced capacity.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211974. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1974
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Invited Commentary
Selecting Patients for Mammographic Evaluation Based on Breast Cancer Risk During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Sarah M. Friedewald, MD; Dipti Gupta, MD
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212546. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2546
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Shelley S. Magill, MD, PhD; Erin O’Leary, MPH; Susan M. Ray, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study evaluates the appropriateness of antimicrobial use for hospitalized patients treated for community-acquired pneumonia or a urinary tract infection present at admission or for patients who had received fluoroquinolone or intravenous vancomycin treatment.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212007. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2007
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Rie Sakai-Bizmark, MD, MPH, PhD; Michael G. Ross, MD, MPH; Dennys Estevez, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study of discharge data from a national database of US hospitals examines the association of profits hospitals received from cesarean procedures and rates of cesarean delivery.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212235. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2235
ANESTHESIOLOGY
Bing Xue, MS; Dingwen Li, MS; Chenyang Lu, PhD; et al.
This cohort study assesses machine learning models for predicting postoperative complications using independent and combined preoperative and intraoperative data and their clinically meaningful model-agnostic interpretations.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212240. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2240
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Invited Commentary
Linking Preoperative and Intraoperative Data for Risk Prediction: More Answers or Just More Data?
Seshadri C. Mudumbai, MD, MS; Parisa Rashidi, PhD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212547. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2547
UROLOGY
Kennedy E. Okhawere, MD, MPH; I-Fan Shih, PhD; Shih-Hao Lee, MS; et al.
This cohort study examines the use of health care services and cost at the index hospitalization and 1 year post discharge in men undergoing open vs robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212265. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2265
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Invited Commentary
Costs of Robotic-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy 1 Year After Surgery: Pay Now and Save Later?
Bogdana Schmidt, MD, MPH; John T. Leppert, MD, MS
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212548. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2548
ONCOLOGY
Sarit T. Kipnis, MD; Matthew Hung, MD; Shria Kumar, MD, MSCE; et al.
This cohort study examines laboratory, clinical, and survival outcomes among patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) treated with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212274. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2274
PSYCHIATRY
Cecilia Marino, MD, PhD; Brendan Andrade, PhD; Susan C. Campisi, PhD; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the association between disturbed sleep and depression in children and youths.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212373. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2373
PUBLIC HEALTH
Gavin H. Harris, MD; Kimberly J. Rak, PhD, MPH; Jeremy M. Kahn, MD, MSc; et al.
This qualitative study uses interviews with capacity management personnel in US acute care hospitals during the 2017-2018 influenza season to examine views regarding hospitals’ responses to high patient volumes and the level of hospital preparedness for future pandemic events.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212382. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2382
ONCOLOGY
Nancy L. Keating, MD, MPH; Jessica L. F. Cleveland, MS; Alexi A. Wright, MD, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study assesses measures of care process, utilization, end-of-life care, and survival at oncology practices that treat older Medicare beneficiaries with newly diagnosed lung, breast, or colorectal cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212474. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2474
CARDIOLOGY
Artur Fedorowski, MD, PhD; Mirnabi Pirouzifard, PhD; Jan Sundquist, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines whether a family history of syncope among first-, second-, or third-degree relatives is associated with an increased risk for syncope.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212521. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2521
PSYCHIATRY
Peter Szatmari, MD; Katherine Tombeau Cost, PhD; Eric Duku, PhD; et al.
This cohort study of children with autism spectrum disorder in Canada assesses the prevalence of positive developmental outcomes using clinical metrics of proficiency and growth and examines associations between outcomes and individual- and family-level variables.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212530. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2530
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Invited Commentary
Inspecting the Glass Half-Full Identifies Strengths in the Development of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Matthew J. Hollocks, PhD, DClinPsy; Emily Simonoff, MD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213155. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3155
PUBLIC HEALTH
Xiangbin Pan, MD; Xi Li, MD; Pengxu Kong, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the proportion of people using face masks improperly in public and the factors associated with increasing face mask airtightness.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212574. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2574
PUBLIC HEALTH
Josef Fritz, PhD; Wolfgang Brozek, PhD; Hans Concin, MD; et al.
This cohort study examines the use of the triglyceride-glucose index as a measure of insulin resistance in individuals who are overweight or obese.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212612. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2612
HEALTH INFORMATICS
Jonathan P. Weiner, DrPH; Stephen Bandeian, MD, JD; Elham Hatef, MD, MPH; et al.
This cohort study examines the patterns and costs of ambulatory care in the US before and during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic and assesses how patient, practitioner, community, and COVID-19–related factors are associated with telehealth adoption.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212618. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2618
PEDIATRICS
Heather T. Keenan, MDCM, PhD; Amy E. Clark, MS; Richard Holubkov, PhD; et al.
This cohort study uses data from pediatric trauma centers to assess the recovery of children’s executive function after experiencing mild-to-severe traumatic brain injury.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212624. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2624
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Jennifer Gregory, MD; Bichtram Huynh, MD; Brittany Tayler, MD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial evaluates the effects of high-dose amoxicillin plus clavulanate vs standard-dose amoxicillin plus clavulanate in adults with acute bacterial sinusitis.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212713. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2713
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Israel Zyskind, MD; Avi Z. Rosenberg, MD, PhD; Jason Zimmerman, DO; et al.
This cross-sectional study elucidates the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seroprevalence and onset of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms in a culturally linked orthodox Jewish community across 5 US states.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e212816. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2816
HEALTH POLICY
Monica Farid, PhD; Yusuke Tsugawa, MD, PhD; Anupam B. Jena, MD, PhD
This cross-sectional study examines the association between inpatient handoffs among hospitalist physicians and patient mortality among hospitalized Medicare beneficiaries.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213040. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3040
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Invited Commentary
Continuity of Care Matters in All Health Care Settings
James S. Goodwin, MD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213842. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3842
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Brian T. Garibaldi, MD, MEHP; Kunbo Wang, MS; Matthew L. Robinson, MD; et al.
This propensity score–matched multicenter comparative effectiveness research study that included a high proportion of non-White individuals assesses whether remdesivir administered alone or with corticosteroids is associated with time to clinical improvement or time to death in patients hospitalized with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213071. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3071
PUBLIC HEALTH
Gail A. Greendale, MD; Weijuan Han, MS; MeiHua Huang, DrPH; et al.
This cohort study examines the association over time of physical activity levels and cognitive test results among women at midlife.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213227. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3227
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Invited Commentary
How to Better Study the Associations Between Physical Activity, Exercise, and Cognitive and Brain Health
Arthur F. Kramer, PhD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e215153. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.5153
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Jessica L. Gleason, PhD, MPH; Fasil Tekola-Ayele, PhD; Rajeshwari Sundaram, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the association between maternal caffeine consumption and multiple measures of neonatal anthropometry using data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Fetal Growth Studies–Singletons study.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213238. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3238
SURGERY
Anish K. Agarwal, MD, MPH, MS; Daniel Lee, MD, MS; Zarina Ali, MD, MS; et al.
This quality improvement study used an automated test messaging system to assess the number of opioid tablets prescribed vs the self-reported number of tablets taken as well as self-reported pain intensity and ability to manage pain after orthopedic and urologic procedures.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213243. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3243
PEDIATRICS
Stanley Ray Vance Jr, MD; Cherrie B. Boyer, PhD; David V. Glidden, PhD; et al.
This survey study compares past-year mental health symptoms and psychosocial factors among Black and Latinx transgender youth, White transgender youth, and Black and Latinx cisgender youth.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213256. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3256
HEALTH INFORMATICS
David M. Levine, MD, MPH, MA; Ateev Mehrotra, MD, MPH
This survey study evaluates the factors associated with accurate diagnosis and triage by nonphysician adults who use the internet to find health information.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213287. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3287
CARDIOLOGY
Guy Witberg, MD; Tali Steinmetz, MD; Uri Landes, MD; et al.
This cohort study uses data from a tertiary academic medical center to assess whether transcatheter aortic valve replacement is associated with changes in kidney function or mortality in patients undergoing the procedure.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213296. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3296
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Invited Commentary
Can Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Cure Cardiorenal Syndrome?
Benjamin Z. Galper, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213753. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3753
ONCOLOGY
Shervin Tabrizi, MD; Lorenzo Trippa, PhD; Daniel Cagney, MD; et al.
This comparative effectiveness study investigates how the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with the benefits and risks of standard radiation therapy in simulated patients.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213304. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3304
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Invited Commentary
A Modeling Approach to Radiation Therapy in the Era of COVID-19
Jimmy T. Efird, PhD, MSc; Tarun Podder, PhD; Tithi Biswas, MD
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213850. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3850
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Rebekah W. Moehring, MD, MPH; Matthew Phelan, MS; Eric Lofgren, PhD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates whether variables of varying complexity and feasibility of measurement, derived retrospectively from the electronic health records, accurately identify inpatient antimicrobial exposure
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213460. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3460
NEUROLOGY
Benjamin L. Brett, PhD; Mark D. Kramer, PhD; John Whyte, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study characterizes phenotypes of neuropsychiatric and cognitive functioning in patients 2 weeks after traumatic brain injury and assess whether these phenotypes are associated with 6-month outcomes.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213467. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3467
HEALTH POLICY
Evan Michael Shannon, MD, MPH; Jie Zheng, PhD; E. John Orav, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines disparities by race/ethnicity in interhospital transfer among among Medicare-enrolled patients with conditions previously found to have a potential mortality benefit from transfer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213474. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3474
HEALTH INFORMATICS
John F. Steiner, MD, MPH; Chan Zeng, PhD; Angela C. Comer, MPH; et al.
This cohort study assesses whether a high volume of automated text or interactive voice response telephone messages is associated with requests to opt out of future messages.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213479. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3479
ONCOLOGY
Shushi Meng, MD; Qingyun Li, PhD; Zuli Zhou, MD; et al.
This diagnostic study examines whether a breath test that uses high-pressure photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPPI-TOFMS) can accurately distinguish patients with lung cancer from those without.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213486. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3486
HEMATOLOGY
Hedwig M. Blommestein, PhD; Margreet G. Franken, PhD; Chrissy H. Y. van Beurden-Tan, MSc; et al.
This economic evaluation assesses the optimal sequence of treatments for transplant-ineligible patients with multiple myeloma from the perspective of the patient, physician, and society.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213497. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3497
CARDIOLOGY
Rachel Moxham, BSc; Vladimír Džavík, MD; John Cairns, MD; et al.
This post hoc analysis of a randomized clinical trial studies the association of thrombus aspiration with outcomes among patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction based on time.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213505. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3505
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
Fausto Petrelli, MD; Alessio Cortellini, MD; Alice Indini, MD; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses the association between obesity and survival outcomes following a diagnosis of cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213520. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3520
IMAGING
Yuan-Chiao Lu, PhD; Kushal Kapse, MS; Nicole Andersen, BA; et al.
This cohort study examines the association between parental socioeconomic status measures and brain volume and cortical features among fetuses.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213526. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3526
PEDIATRICS
Daniel Ryd, MD; Katrin Fricke, MD; Misha Bhat, MD; et al.
This cohort study assesses the clinical utility of fetal cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging when fetal echocardiography could not visualize all relevant anatomy.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213538. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3538
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Invited Commentary
Fetal Cardiac Imaging for Congenital Heart Disease—Is Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging the Future?
Bhawna Arya, MD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e214617. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.4617
ONCOLOGY
Devon J. Boyne, PhD; Winson Y. Cheung, MD, MPH; Robert J. Hilsden, MD, PhD; et al.
This comparative effectiveness study examines the association between a shortened duration of adjuvant chemotherapy among individuals with stage III colon cancer using real-world data.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213587. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3587
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Invited Commentary
Trial Emulation and Real-World Evidence
Rolf H. H. Groenwold, MD, PhD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213845. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3845
CARDIOLOGY
Ranu Baral, MRes, MBBS; Vasiliki Tsampasian, MSc, MD; Maciej Debski, MD, PhD; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the association between the receipt of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers and clinical outcomes among adult patients with coronavirus disease 2019.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213594. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3594
PEDIATRICS
Or Burstein, MA; Zipi Zevin, BA; Ronny Geva, PhD
This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates visual attention functioning during the first 2 years of life in infants born preterm versus full term.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213687. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3687
HEALTH POLICY
Edward Salsberg, MPA; Chelsea Richwine, PhD; Sara Westergaard, MD, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study used 2019 data from the American Community Survey and the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System to estimate and compare the representation of Black, Hispanic, and Native American minority groups in 10 health care professions and in the educational pipeline for these professions.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213789. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3789
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
David Naimark, MD, MSc; Sharmistha Mishra, MD, PhD; Kali Barrett, MD, MSc; et al.
This decision analytical modelling study uses a simulated population of people in Ontario, Canada, to estimate COVID-19 case counts associated with school closures and reopenings vs community-based nonpharmaceutical interventions.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213793. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3793
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Invited Commentary
Using Data and Modeling to Understand the Risks of In-Person Education
Andrea Ciaranello, MD, MPH; Taison Bell, MD, MBA
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e214619. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.4619
UROLOGY
Stephen B. Williams, MD, MS; Lauren E. Howard, MS; Meagan L. Foster, BS; et al.
This cohort study describes real-world patient characteristics, long-term outcomes, and the economic burden in a population of US veterans with non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213800. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3800
CARDIOLOGY
Natalie A. Bello, MD, MPH; Hui Zhou, PhD; T. Craig Cheetham, PharmD, MS; et al.
This cohort study estimates the prevalence of hypertension among pregnant women using the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) definition of hypertension instead of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists threshold and assesses identification of adverse maternal or fetal outcomes associated with use of the ACC/AHA guidelines.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213808. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3808
HEALTH POLICY
Robert F. Schoeni, PhD; Emily E. Wiemers, PhD; Judith A. Seltzer, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional survey study assesses whether adults with risk factors for COVID-19 complications perceive an elevated chance of complications and undertake fewer higher infection risk behaviors.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e213984. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3984
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
David O. Meltzer, MD, PhD; Thomas J. Best, PhD; Hui Zhang, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the associations of vitamin D levels, race, and other characteristics with positive COVID-19 test results.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e214117. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.4117
HEALTH POLICY
Hayley B. Gershengorn, MD; Gregory E. Holt, MD, PhD; Andrew Rezk, BS; et al.
This cohort study evaluates whether unanticipated disparities by race or ethnicity would arise from the use of a resource allocation policy during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e214149. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.4149
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Invited Commentary
Racial Equity in Crisis Standards of Care—Reassuring Data or Reason for Concern?
Emily C. Cleveland Manchanda, MD, MPH; Melanie F. Molina, MD; Robert M. Rodriguez, MD
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e214527. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.4527
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
He S. Yang, PhD; Victoria Costa, MD; Sabrina E. Racine-Brzostek, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study investigates the association of age with the quantity and quality of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody responses.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e214302. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.4302
GERIATRICS
Hemalkumar B. Mehta, PhD; Shuang Li, PhD; James S. Goodwin, MD
This cohort study examined risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection incidence, hospitalization, and death among nursing home residents in the US.
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JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e216315. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.6315