COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
Jürgen Barth, PhD; Stefanie Muff, PhD; Alexandra Kern, MSc; et al.
This randomized clinical trial investigates whether different briefing contents before a minimal acupuncture treatment among patients with chronic low back pain affect treatment outcome expectations and reported adverse side effects.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2121418. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.21418
PEDIATRICS
Amanda J. Osborn, PhD; Rachel M. Roberts, PhD; Diana S. Dorstyn, PhD; et al.
This meta-analysis reviews research on individuals with sagittal synostosis to determine whether, and to what extent, they experience cognitive, behavioral, and psychological difficulties compared with their healthy peers or normative data for each measure.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2121937. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.21937
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Invited Commentary
Heterogeneity in Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Associated With Isolated Sagittal Craniosynostosis
Brent R. Collett, PhD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2122991. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.22991
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
Jean-Eric Tarride, MA, PhD; Aristithes G. Doumouras, MD, MPH; Dennis Hong, MD, MSc; et al.
This propensity score–matched cohort study compares the 4-year health care expenditures of matched cohorts of patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass vs sleeve gastrectomy and, secondarily, assesses factors independently associated with expenditures and compares them between procedures.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2122079. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.22079
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Invited Commentary
Different Risks and Benefits Leading to Similar Costs After Sleeve Gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
David Arterburn, MD, MPH; Kristina H. Lewis, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2122541. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.22541
PUBLIC HEALTH
Louisa Baidoo, BA; Tanya L. Zakrison, MD, MPH; Gillian Feldmeth, BS; et al.
This cohort study assesses whether a COVID-19 stay-at-home order was associated with changes in police report rates or domestic violence resource availability that differed by racial/ethnic majority compositions in 77 community areas of Chicago, Illinois.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2122260. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.22260
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Invited Commentary
Chicago’s Stay-at-Home Mandate—The Need to Improve on Domestic Violence Prevention and Response
Amy Bonomi, PhD, MPH; Rashmi Gangamma, PhD, LMFT; Theresa H. Cruz, PhD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2122327. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.22327
ONCOLOGY
Deborah A. Fisher, MD; Nicole Princic, MS; Lesley-Ann Miller-Wilson, PhD; et al.
This cohort study compares the use of colorectal cancer screening tests before and after the availability of the multitarget stool DNA test.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2122269. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.22269
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Invited Commentary
Rising Use of Multitarget Stool DNA Testing for Colorectal Cancer
Richard M. Hoffman, MD, MPH; Barcey T. Levy, MD, PhD; James E. Allison, MD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2122328. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.22328
CARDIOLOGY
Yichen Zhang, MPH; Lei Yin, MSc; Katherine Mills, PhD; et al.
This economic evaluation examines the long-term cost-effectiveness of a multicomponent hypertension management program compared with usual care among patients with hypertension receiving care in public clinics in Argentina from a health care system perspective.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2122559. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.22559
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Lynn M. Yee, MD, MPH; Robert Silver, MD; David M. Haas, MD; et al.
This cohort study examines the association between maternal health literacy and maternal and neonatal outcomes among nulliparous individuals in the US.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2122576. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.22576
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
Yu-Yao Huang, MD, PhD; Ching-Wen Lin, PhD; Nai-Chen Cheng, MD, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial evaluates the wound healing efficacy of topical ON101 cream compared with a standard absorbent dressing in the treatment of patients with chronic diabetic foot ulcers.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2122607. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.22607
PEDIATRICS
Amanda C. Schondelmeyer, MD, MSc; Amanda P. Bettencourt, PhD, APRN; Rui Xiao, PhD; et al.
This nonrandomized clinical trial evaluates deimplementation outcomes of educational outreach and audit and feedback strategies aiming to reduce guideline-discordant continuous pulse oximetry use in children hospitalized with bronchiolitis who are not receiving supplemental oxygen.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2122826. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.22826
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Invited Commentary
Deimplementing Continuous Pulse Oximetry in Patients With Bronchiolitis—What Are We Waiting For?
Shawn L. Ralston, MD, MS; Samantha A. House, DO
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123057. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23057
PUBLIC HEALTH
Thomas Svensson, MD, PhD; Eiko Saito, PhD, MSc, MA; Akiko Kishi Svensson, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines whether sleep duration is associated with all-cause and major-cause mortality in individuals from Japan, China, Singapore, and Korea.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2122837. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.22837
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Invited Commentary
Sleep Health and Longevity—Considerations for Personalizing Existing Recommendations
Girardin Jean-Louis, PhD; Michael A. Grandner, PhD, MTR, CBSM; Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal, MSc
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124387. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24387
PUBLIC HEALTH
Karen Shen, PhD; Lacey Loomer, PhD, MSPH; Hannah Abrams, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the magnitude of unreported COVID-19 cases and deaths in the National Healthcare Safety Network and provides estimates of cases and deaths adjusted for nonreporting.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2122885. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.22885
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Invited Commentary
Underreporting of Early Nursing Home COVID-19 Cases and Deaths in Federal Data
Elizabeth M. White, PhD, APRN
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123696. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23696
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Brendan Saloner, PhD; Penn Whitley, BA; Leah LaRue, PharmD, PMP; et al.
This cross-sectional study characterizes factors associated with urine drug positivity for nonprescribed substances among patients prescribed buprenorphine.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123019. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23019
DIVERSITY, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION
Ana-Catarina Pinho-Gomes, DPhil; Amy Vassallo, PhD; Kelly Thompson, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study investigates the gender distribution of the editors in chief at leading medical journals.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123026. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23026
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Editorial
Increasing Representation of Women as Editors in Medical Journals
Elizabeth A. Jacobs, MD, MAPP; Ishani Ganguli, MD, MPH; Sharon K. Inouye, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123364. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23364
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Joshua D. Lee, MD, MSc; Mia Malone, BA; Ryan McDonald, MA; et al.
This comparative effectiveness study assesses the effectiveness of extended-release buprenorphine injections to treat opioid use disorder among adults transitioning from jail to the community compared with daily sublingual buprenorphine treatment.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123032. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23032
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Invited Commentary
Opioid Use Disorder Treatment for People Involved in the US Criminal Justice System—Promising Advances and Critical Implementation Challenges
Tyler N. A. Winkelman, MD, MSc; Rachel Sandler Silva, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125120. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25120
NEPHROLOGY
Cedric Edwards, MD; Gregory L. Hundemer, MD, MPH; William Petrcich, MSc; et al.
This cohort study compares the safety and clinical outcomes associated with chlorthalidone vs hydrochlorothiazide use among older adults with varying levels of kidney function.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123365. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23365
PUBLIC HEALTH
Elvin H. Geng, MD, MPH; Joshua Schwab, MA; Randi Foraker, PhD; et al.
This decision analytical model investigates the association of delays in public health policy on social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic and the number of hospitalizations and deaths from the disease in St Louis, Missouri.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123374. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23374
SURGERY
Cindy Y. Teng, MD; Billie S. Davis, PhD; Matthew R. Rosengart, MD, MPH; et al.
This cohort study uses network analysis to examine whether interhospital transfers of patients with emergency general surgery conditions are consistently directed to hospitals with more resources and better clinical outcomes.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123389. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23389
PUBLIC HEALTH
Eric Reinhart, MD; Daniel L. Chen, JD, PhD
This case-control study examines the outcomes associated with jail decarceration during the COVID-19 pandemic.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123405. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23405
MEDICAL EDUCATION
Brian C. Brajcich, MD, MS; Jeanette W. Chung, PhD; Douglas E. Wood, MD; et al.
This survey study evaluates the association of resident physician unions with burnout, suicidality, job satisfaction, duty hour violations, mistreatment, educational environment, salary, and benefits among surgical residents in the US.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123412. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23412
GERIATRICS
Arkers Kwan Ching Wong, PhD, RN; Frances Kam Yuet Wong, PhD, RN; Karen Kit Sum Chow, MSc, RSW; et al.
This randomized clinical trial evaluates the effectiveness of a telecare case management program at allowing older adults who are homebound in Hong Kong to stay in the community with optimal well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123453. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23453
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Invited Commentary
The Urgent Need for Rigorous Studies of Telehealth for Older Adults Who Are Homebound
Lauren R. Moo, MD; Andrea Wershof Schwartz, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2113451. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.13451
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
Rozalina G. McCoy, MD, MS; Rodolfo J. Galindo, MD; Kavya Sindhu Swarna, MPH; et al.
This cohort study uses administrative claims and laboratory results from a nationwide database to assess the sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment-related factors associated with diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar states among adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes in the US from 2014 to 2020.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123471. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23471
SURGERY
Alexander Charalambous, MBChB, BSc; Daniel Pincus, MD, PhD; Sasha High, MD; et al.
This cohort study assesses whether surgeon experience with total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with severe obesity is associated with risk of complications.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123478. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23478
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Jason D. Wright, MD; Elisabeth R. Silver, BS; Sarah Xinhui Tan, BS; et al.
This economic evaluation analyzes the cost-effectiveness of screening and prevention strategies by genotype among women with Lynch syndrome.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123616. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23616
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Invited Commentary
Exploring Gene-Specific Guidelines for Risk Management of Gynecological Cancer in Lynch Syndrome
Lara Petelin, PhD; Alison H. Trainer, MD, PhD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124384. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24384
NEPHROLOGY
Kevin Yau, MD; Kento T. Abe, BSc; David Naimark, MD, MSc; et al.
This cohort study examines the immune response of patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis to vaccination with 1 vs 2 doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123622. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23622
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Yuanyuan Wang, PhD; Huifeng Shi, PhD; Lian Chen, MD; et al.
This cohort study estimates the absolute risk of maternal and neonatal complications among women who gave birth in China during a 6-year period stratified by in vitro fertilization, twin or singleton pregnancy, and maternal age.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123634. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23634
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Invited Commentary
Reducing Obstetric Morbidity in In Vitro Fertilization Pregnancies
Daniela Diego, MD; Heather S. Hipp, MD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124170. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24170
DIVERSITY, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION
Candice Schwartz, MD; Ifeanyi Beverly Chukwudozie, MPH, MBA; Silvia Tejeda, PhD; et al.
This cohort study assesses mammography use in a sample of women from participating federally qualified health centers to examine whether providing individualized breast cancer risk estimates is associated with increased uptake of cancer control measures.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123751. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23751
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Invited Commentary
Practice-Changing Opportunity to Reduce Disparities in Screening Mammography—Implementation of Risk Assessment in Primary Care
Elizabeth M. Valencia, MD, JD; Sandhya Pruthi, MD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124535. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24535
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Lijie Jia, MD, PhD; Huimin Cao, MD; Yuna Guo, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study uses propensity score matching to examine the association of epidural analgesia use during labor with infection in full-term neonates.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123757. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23757
GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
Zobair M. Younossi, MD, MPH; Sean Felix, BS; Thomas Jeffers, BS; et al.
This cross-sectional study investigates use of the noninvasive enhanced liver fibrosis test to estimate advanced fibrosis among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123923. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23923
NEUROLOGY
Ingrid E. Scheffer, MBBS, PhD; Joe Hulihan, MD; John Messenheimer, MD; et al.
This nonrandomized controlled trial examines the safety and tolerability of transdermal cannabidiol (CBD) gel among children with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies and assesses the association between treatment with CBD gel and seizure frequency.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123930. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23930
PEDIATRICS
Ravi M. Patel, MD, MSc; Joshua Lukemire, PhD; Neeta Shenvi, MS; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the association between blood donor sex and age on mortality or serious morbidity in very low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants receiving blood transfusions.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123942. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23942
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
Max T. Wayne, MD; Sarah Seelye, PhD; Daniel Molling, MS; et al.
This cohort study examines temporal trends and variations in time-to-antibiotics for sepsis in the US Department of Veterans Affairs health care system.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123950. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.23950
PUBLIC HEALTH
Matt Hawrilenko, PhD; Emily Kroshus, ScD, MPH; Pooja Tandon, MD, MPH; et al.
This survey study estimates the association between school closures and child mental health outcomes and examines how this association varies across sociodemographic factors.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124092. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24092
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
Zhuang Jiang, PhD; Jiping Wang, PhD; Yanmei Feng, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines whether hearing loss among shipyard workers increases more rapidly at extended higher frequencies and whether subtle auditory processing deficits are present in those with extensive noise exposure but little or no hearing loss.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124100. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24100
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Christine A. Blauvelt, MD; Kiana C. Nguyen; Arianna G. Cassidy, MD; et al.
This cohort study compares rates of perinatal complications among pregnant individuals with and without antepartum sepsis hospitalization.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124109. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24109
PUBLIC HEALTH
Ana M. Mora, MD, PhD; Joseph A. Lewnard, PhD; Katherine Kogut, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study identifies risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among farmworkers in California.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124116. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24116
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Invited Commentary
A Reality Check From the Fields—What’s Next?
Sergio A. Aguilar-Gaxiola, MD, PhD; Sarah M. Ramirez, PhD, MPH; Edward Kissam, BA
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125128. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25128
NEUROLOGY
Julie Martinkova, MD; Frances-Catherine Quevenco, PhD; Helene Karcher, PhD; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the ratio of males to females and the prevalence of sex-stratified data in published reports of large pharmaceutical randomized clinical trials for Alzheimer disease.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124124. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24124
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Invited Commentary
Treatment for Alzheimer Disease—Sex and Gender Effects Need to Be Explicitly Analyzed and Reported in Clinical Trials
Janice B. Schwartz, MD; Sandra Weintraub, PhD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124386. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24386
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
Karen Glanz, PhD, MPH; Pamela A. Shaw, PhD; Pui L. Kwong, MPH; et al.
This randomized clinical trial tests the relative effectiveness of financial incentives and environmental strategies, alone and in combination, on initial weight loss and maintenance of weight loss in employees with obesity at 3 large employers in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124132. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24132
HEALTH POLICY
Hawazin W. Elani, PhD; Ichiro Kawachi, PhD; Benjamin D. Sommers, PhD
This cross-sectional study compares dental outcomes among low-income adults in states that expanded Medicaid coverage under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) compared with those in states that did not expand Medicaid coverage.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124144. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24144
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Invited Commentary
Addressing Oral Health of Low-Income Populations—A Call to Action
Tamanna Tiwari, MPH, MDS, BDS; Julie Franstve-Hawley, PhD, CAE
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125263. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25263
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Victoria D. Powell, MD; Jack M. Rosenberg, MD; Avani Yaganti, BS; et al.
This systematic review reports the potential for withdrawal, pain level, treatment success, adverse events, and other outcomes of discontinuing long-term opioid therapy and switching to buprenorphine.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124152. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24152
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Berthe Amélie Iroungou, PhD; Laurette Guignali Mangouka, MD; Berthold Bivigou-Mboumba, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study describes the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 infection in Gabon from March to June 2020.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124190. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24190
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Invited Commentary
Africa’s COVID-19 Experience—A Window of Opportunity to Act
Igho Ofotokun, MD, MSc; Anandi N. Sheth, MD, MSc
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124556. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24556
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Linda G. Kahn, PhD, MPH; Leonardo Trasande, MD, MPP; Mengling Liu, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the intentions on becoming pregnant of women in New York City who were mothers of young children during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124273. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24273
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Invited Commentary
Disrupted Family Plans and Exacerbated Inequalities Associated With COVID-19 Pandemic
Philip N. Cohen, PhD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124399. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24399
ONCOLOGY
Benjamin B. Albright, MD, MS; Fumiko Chino, MD; Junzo P. Chino, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study describes the risks of insurance churn (ie, gain, loss, or change in coverage) and catastrophic health expenditures among nonelderly patients with cancer in the US, assessing for changes associated with implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124280. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24280
PEDIATRICS
Johanne Naper Trønnes, MScPharm; Angela Lupattelli, PhD; Marte Handal, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the association of timing and duration of prenatal analgesic opioid exposure with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124324. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24324
ONCOLOGY
Alain R. Thierry, PhD; Brice Pastor, PhD; Ekaterina Pisareva, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study assesses the association of local and national COVID-19 restrictions with tumor burden, as measured by total plasma circulating tumor DNA concentration, among patients newly diagnosed with metastatic colorectal cancer.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124483. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24483
PEDIATRICS
Soile Tuovinen, PhD; Katri Räikkönen, PhD; Elisa Holmlund-Suila, MD, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial tests whether a higher (1200 IU) vs standard (400 IU) dose of vitamin D3 has beneficial effects on neurodevelopment in the first 2 years of life and whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration is associated with neurodevelopment.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124493. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24493
PUBLIC HEALTH
Kalyani Sonawane, PhD; Yueh-Yun Lin, MS; Haluk Damgacioglu, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study investigates trends in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine adverse event reporting and trends in HPV vaccine safety concerns among caregivers of vaccine-eligible US adolescents from 2015 to 2018.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124502. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24502
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Invited Commentary
HPV Vaccination Is Safe—You Don’t Have to Whisper It
Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters, BDS, PhD, MPH, CHES; Rebecca L Rohde, MD, MPH; Eric Adjei Boakye, PhD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125124. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25124
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Jessica S. Merlin, MD, PhD, MBA; Andrew Althouse, PhD; Robert Feldman, MS; et al.
This survey study describes the practices of frontline dispensary staff who interact with customers purchasing cannabis for medical purposes and assesses whether dispensary practices vary according to state cannabis law medicalization.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124511. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24511
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Invited Commentary
Self-reported Practices of Frontline Cannabis Dispensary Workers and the Implications for Clinicians
Theresa E. Matson, MPH; Katharine A. Bradley, MD, MPH; Gwen T. Lapham, PhD, MPH, MSW
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125262. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25262
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
Amanda E. Paluch, PhD; Kelley Pettee Gabriel, PhD; Janet E. Fulton, PhD; et al.
This cohort study assesses the association of step volume and intensity with premature all-cause mortality among Black and White participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124516. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24516
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Invited Commentary
What Are the Next Steps for Developing a National Steps Guideline?
Nicole L. Spartano, PhD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125267. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25267
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Michael T. Hawkes, MD, PhD; Bonita E. Lee, MD, MSc(Epi); Jamil N. Kanji, MD, DTM&H; et al.
This cohort study describes the annual and biennial variation in respiratory virus seasonality in a northern climate.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124650. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24650
NEPHROLOGY
Tessa K. Novick, MD, MSW, MHS; Santiago Diaz, MD; Francisco Barrios, MD; et al.
This qualitative study examines perspectives on and possible improvements for kidney disease education among Latinx patients receiving emergency-only hemodialysis.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124658. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24658
HEALTH POLICY
H. Joanna Jiang, PhD; Kathryn R. Fingar, PhD, MPH; Lan Liang, PhD; et al.
This case-control study examines changes in quality of care at rural hospitals that merged with or were acquired by other hospitals compared with hospitals that remained independent.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124662. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24662
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
Stefanie N. Hinkle, PhD; Wei Bao, MD, PhD; Jing Wu, MD, MSc; et al.
This cohort study uses data from the Nurses’ Health Study II to assess the association between habitual alcohol consumption and subsequent risk for type 2 diabetes among women with a history of gestational diabetes.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124669. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24669
PHARMACY AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Alessandro Ceschi, MD, MSc; Roberta Noseda, PhD; Michela Pironi, MSc; et al.
This randomized clinical trial examines the effect of medication reconciliation on unplanned hospital returns among Swiss patients who were older, had polypharmacy, or met both conditions.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124672. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24672
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Invited Commentary
Medication Reconciliation—Too Much or Not Enough?
Jeffrey L. Schnipper, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125272. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25272
ONCOLOGY
Wang-Zhong Li, MD; Hai-Jun Wu, MSc; Shu-Hui Lv, MSc; et al.
This prognostic study describes the development and validation of a novel staging system for nonmetastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on recursive partitioning analysis of Epstein-Barr virus status.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124721. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24721
ONCOLOGY
John Sharp, MD; Ali Raza Khaki, MD, MS; Vinay Prasad, MD, MPH
This systematic review assesses the proportion of patients in the control arms of randomized clinical trials who received postprotocol immunotherapy in trials comparing combination immunotherapy regimens with tyrosine kinase inhibitor for first-line treatment of advanced kidney cell carcinoma.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124728. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24728
PEDIATRICS
Wui Ip, MD; Samuel Yang, MD; Jacob Parker, BS; et al.
This cross-sectional study uses a natural language processing algorithm to estimate prevalence of access of adolescent patient portal accounts by guardians at 3 academic children's hospitals.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124733. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24733
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Invited Commentary
Inappropriate Access to the Adolescent Patient Portal and Low Rates of Proxy Account Creation
Chase R. Parsons, DO, MBI
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125251. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25251
SURGERY
Kenneth P. Seastedt, MD; George A. Alyateem, MD; Karthik Pittala, BS; et al.
This case series study compares survival and disease recurrence of patients with lung neuroendocrine tumors associated with Cushing syndrome treated using lobectomy or pneumonectomy vs sublobar resection.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124739. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24739
ONCOLOGY
Zihan Xu, MS; Li Wang, MD; Shuang Dai, MS; et al.
This cohort study uses data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program to conduct an epidemiologic and survival analysis of patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and to establish a nomogram to predict the survival probability of these patients.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124750. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24750
GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
Jun Lu, MD, PhD; Bin-bin Xu, MD; Li-li Shen, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the characteristics and presence of research waste, defined as unpublished data, inadequate reporting, or avoidable design limitations, among randomized clinical trials in gastric cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124760. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24760
ONCOLOGY
Sietske C. van Nassau, MD; Marinde J. Bond, MD; Ilva Scheerman, BSc; et al.
This cross-sectional study compares current rates of prescription of fluorouracil, folinic acid, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan plus bevacizumab (FOLFOXIRI-B) with rates from 2015 to 2018 and assesses Dutch medical oncologists’ perspectives on treatment with FOLFOXIRI-B.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124766. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24766
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Dennis Nurjadi, MD; Vanessa M. Eichel, MD; Patrik Tabatabai, MD; et al.
This cohort study analyzes methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) colonization and infection events among patients in a single neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and assesses the performance of spa typing and whole-genome sequencing for routine S aureus surveillance.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124938. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24938
ONCOLOGY
Wen-Ping Lin, MD; Kai-Li Xing, MD; Jian-Chang Fu, MD; et al.
This prognostic study establishes and validates a model based on vessels encapsulating tumor clusters and microvascular invasion to estimate recurrence-free survival in patients undergoing radical hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125055. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25055
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
George Sam Wang, MD; Christine Buttorff, PhD; Asa Wilks, MAS; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines changes in the rates of emergency department presentation by individuals with cannabis-related vomiting since legalization of cannabis in Colorado.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125063. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25063
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Invited Commentary
Growth in Recreational Cannabis Markets and Burden on Emergency Departments
Mark B. Mycyk, MD; Joanne C. Routsolias, RN, PharmD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125275. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25275
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
Sung Ryul Shim, PhD; Cari M. Kitahara, PhD; Eun Shil Cha, PhD; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examines site-specific cancer incidence and mortality and evaluates the radiation dose-response association after radioactive iodine treatment for hyperthyroidism.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125072. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25072
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Invited Commentary
Radioactive Iodine Treatment in Hyperthyroidism and Cancer Mortality—A Still Controversial Issue
Bernadette Biondi, MD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126361. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26361
HEALTH INFORMATICS
A. Jay Holmgren, PhD, MHI; David W. Bates, MD, MSc
This nonrandomized controlled trial evaluated the association of publicly reported feedback for hospital medication safety with improvement in the subsequent year.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125173. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25173
HEALTH POLICY
Maximilian Holle, BA; Tory Wolff, MBA; Marc Herant, PhD, MD
This cross-sectional study examines trends in the concentration of health care spending in different population groups and expenditure categories in the US between 2001 and 2018.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125179. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25179
PUBLIC HEALTH
Sheila Badri, MD; Vanessa Sardá, MD, MPH; Jorge Soria Moncada, MD; et al.
This survey study examines associations of mitigating behaviors and receipt of economic aid with SARS-CoV-2 infection among a group of predominately Black and Hispanic adults tested for SARS-CoV-2 during the first surge of the COVID-19 pandemic in spring 2020.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125187. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25187
HEALTH POLICY
Hazar Khidir, MD; J. Michael McWilliams, MD, PhD; A. James O’Malley, MS, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the consistency of variability in admission rates of patients presenting to the emergency department by sociodemographic factors.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125193. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25193
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Invited Commentary
Intersection of Structural Racism, Social Determinants of Health, and Implicit Bias With Emergency Physician Admission Tendencies
Leonard E. Egede, MD, MS; Rebekah J. Walker, PhD; Joni S. Williams, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126375. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26375
PUBLIC HEALTH
Louise K. Francois Watkins, MD, MPH; Mark E. Laughlin, DVM, MPH-VPH; Lavin A. Joseph, MS; et al.
This survey study investigates the epidemiologic, laboratory, and traceback findings associated with persistent, extensively drug-resistant strains of Campylobacter jejuni associated with US pet store puppies.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125203. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25203
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Joseph Niyibizi, MD, PhD; Marie-Hélène Mayrand, MD, PhD; François Audibert, MD; et al.
This cohort study assesses whether human papillomavirus infection, a frequent infection among women of childbearing age, is associated with preterm birth.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125308. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25308
GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
Ryu Ishihara, MD, PhD; Junki Mizusawa, ME; Ryoji Kushima, MD, PhD; et al.
This study assesses the performance of endoscopic ultrasonography after nonmagnifying and magnifying endoscopy for the diagnosis of cancer invasion depth among patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125317. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25317
ONCOLOGY
Stephanie Deeb, BS; Fumiko L. Chino, MD; Lisa C. Diamond, MD, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study uses data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project national inpatient sample between 2010 and 2017 to examine care management patterns during terminal hospitalization among adult patients with metastatic cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125328. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25328
GLOBAL HEALTH
Paula Braitstein, PhD, MA, MSc; Allison DeLong, MSc; David Ayuku, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the association of care environment with HIV incidence and death among orphaned and separated youths living in institutional, family-based, and street settings in western Kenya over an almost 10-year period.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125365. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25365
PUBLIC HEALTH
Henry B. P. M. Dijkman, PhD; Inca Slaats, BSc; Peter Bult, PhD, MD
This case series examines the presence of silicone bleed and migration among women with cohesive or noncohesive gel silicone breast implants.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125381. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25381
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Invited Commentary
Silicone Breast Implants and Disease—Many Questions Unanswered
Jenny Löfgren, MD, PhD; Fredrik Lohmander, MD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2128947. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.28947
ALLERGY
Christopher Michael Warren, PhD; Theo Thomas Snow, BS; Alexandra S. Lee; et al.
This case series characterizes the immunologic mechanisms underlying allergic reactions to mRNA COVID-19 vaccines.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125524. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25524
PSYCHIATRY
Brett D. M. Jones, MD, MSc; Lais B. Razza, BSc; Cory R. Weissman, MD; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the placebo effect shown in randomized clinical trials of patients with treatment-resistant depression.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125531. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25531
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Invited Commentary
Treatment-Resistant Depression—Resistant to Placebos as Well?
Cristina Cusin, MD; Luana Colloca, MD, PhD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2127952. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.27952
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Alexandria Macmadu, MSc; Sivakumar Batthala, MBA; Annice M. Correia Gabel, MA; et al.
This cohort study compares the rates and characteristics of deaths from drug overdose before vs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Rhode Island.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125538. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25538
PEDIATRICS
Qing-Wen Zhu, MD; Mu-Ting Li, BPH; Xun Zhuang, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates the feasibility and utility of a modified genetic and hearing screening program among newborn infants in Nantong, China.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125544. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25544
PUBLIC HEALTH
Jingwen Wang, BSc; Qian Wang, MMed; Xiang-Yu Hou, PhD; et al.
This cohort study of middle-aged and older Chinese couples examines whether spouses are concordant in the development of functional limitation over time and whether sex differences exist in spousal health associations.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125577. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25577
NEUROLOGY
Peter A. Ljubenkov, MD; Lauren Edwards, BS; Leonardo Iaccarino, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial investigates the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile, tolerability, and safety of the histone deacetylase inhibitor FRM-0334 in people with progranulin gene haploinsufficiency.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125584. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25584
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Wubin Xie, DrPH; Orianne Dumas, PhD; Raphaëlle Varraso, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the association of occupational exposure to inhaled agents in operating rooms with the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among female nurses in the US.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125749. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25749
NEPHROLOGY
Lilia Cervantes, MD; Katherine Rizzolo, MD; Alaina L. Carr, MA; et al.
This qualitative study interviewed interdisciplinary health care professionals at urban dialysis centers to assess how social and cultural challenges affect the care of Latinx patients with kidney disease receiving thrice-weekly hemodialysis.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125838. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25838
DIVERSITY, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION
Marie Murphy, PhD; Jacquelyn K. Callander, MD; Daniel Dohan, PhD; et al.
This qualitative study examines women’s experiences of promotion and tenure in academic medicine to uncover mechanisms associated with the gender disparity in career advancement.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125843. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25843
HEALTH POLICY
Shazia Mehmood Siddique, MD, MSHP; Kelley Tipton, MPH; Brian Leas, MS; et al.
This systematic review identifies and analyzes evidence regarding potential systems-led strategies to reduce hospital length of stay for high-risk populations.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125846. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25846
PSYCHIATRY
Berihun Assefa Dachew, PhD; James G. Scott, PhD; Jon E. Heron, PhD; et al.
This population-based cohort study investigates the association between maternal antenatal and postnatal depressive symptoms and the risk of oppositional defiant disorder in offspring aged 7 to 15 years.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125854. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25854
PEDIATRICS
Steven A. Sumner, MD, MSc; Brock Ferguson, PhD; Brian Bason, BS; et al.
This case-control study examines the association between online risk factors and suicide-related behaviors in youths using a school-based online safety monitoring program.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2125860. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25860
PEDIATRICS
Hannah K. Bassett, MD; Jimmy Beck, MD, MEd; Ryan J. Coller, MD, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional survey study of parents of hospitalized children quantifies parental preferences, experiences, and barriers concerning cost transparency in hospital care.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126083. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26083
ONCOLOGY
Steven Habbous, PhD; Olga Yermakhanova, MSc; Katharina Forster, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study assesses variations in the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of patients with esophageal cancer after regionalization of thoracic surgery in Ontario, Canada.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126090. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26090
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
Jung Eun Yoo, MD, PhD; Dahye Kim, BS; Kyungdo Han, PhD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the association of diabetes duration and fasting plasma glucose level with the development of tuberculosis in adults in Korea.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126099. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26099
HEALTH POLICY
Mitch Steffler, MA; Nadine Chami, PhD; Samantha Hill, MDCM, MSc, MScCH; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines differences in pay by gender among physicians in Ontario, Canada.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126107. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26107
OPHTHALMOLOGY
Michael L. Ferm, MD; Daniel J. DeSalvo, MD; Laura M. Prichett, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study pools data from 2 large pediatric academic centers to examine factors associated with diabetic retinopathy among children, adolescents, and young adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes in the US.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126126. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26126
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Invited Commentary
Insulin Pump Use and Diabetic Retinopathy—Is Technology the Key to Preventing Retinopathy in Young People With Type 1 Diabetes?
Martin de Bock, MBChB, PhD; Claudia Swan, MBChB; Alistair J. Gunn, MBChB, PhD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2127955. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.27955
HEALTH POLICY
John Wildman, PhD; Josephine M. Wildman, PhD
This cohort study examines whether a UK National Health Service community health worker social prescribing program was associated with improved hemoglobin A1c levels among patients with type 2 diabetes
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126236. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26236
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
Alexandra G. Yunker, BA; Jasmin M. Alves, PhD; Shan Luo, PhD; et al.
This randomized crossover trial examines neural reactivity to different types of high-calorie food cues, metabolic responses, and eating behavior following sucralose vs sucrose consumption among healthy young adults.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126313. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26313
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Invited Commentary
Nonnutritive Sweeteners and Neural Reward Response in Women and Individuals With Obesity
Stephanie Kullmann, PhD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2128047. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.28047
GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
Kento Kuzuu, MD; Noboru Misawa, MD; Keiichi Ashikari, MD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates stage at diagnosis among patients with gastrointestinal cancer in Japan before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126334. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26334
ONCOLOGY
Jie Yang, PhD; John W. Lian; Yen-Po (Harvey) Chin, MD, MBI; et al.
This cohort study assesses the prognostic significance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes among patients with cutaneous melanoma using a large cohort established through natural language processing algorithms.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126337. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26337
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
John Crowe, PhD; Andy T. Schnaubelt, PhD; Scott SchmidtBonne, MA; et al.
This quality improvement study characterizes SARS-CoV-2 infections in staff and students in an urban public school setting and evaluates test-based strategies to support ongoing risk assessment and mitigation for kindergarten through 12th grade in-person learning.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126447. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26447
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Pragna Patel, MD, MPH; Jennifer DeCuir, MD, PhD; Joseph Abrams, PhD; et al.
This systematic review provides a comprehensive overview of the clinical characteristics of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126456. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26456
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
Emily B. Schroeder, MD, PhD; Romain Neugebauer, PhD; Kristi Reynolds, PhD, MPH; et al.
This cohort study assesses the occurrence of overall mortality, cardiovascular mortality, acute myocardial infarction, stroke, and hospitalization for congestive heart failure among adults with type 2 diabetes receiving long-acting insulin alone vs long- plus short-acting insulin treatment.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126605. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26605
NEUROLOGY
Kori S. Zachrison, MD, MSc; Jessica V. Richard, BS; Andrew Wilcock, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study assesses whether the implementation of telestroke services is associated with changes in where and how patients initially present with stroke symptoms, in their decision to be transferred to another hospital, and which hospitals they are transferred to.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126612. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26612
HEALTH POLICY
Oluseyi Aliu, MD; Andrew W. P. Lee, MD; Jonathan E. Efron, MD; et al.
This comparative effectiveness study uses state inpatient data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project to examine the association between the implementation of Maryland’s all-payer model and the incidence of avoidable complications and resource use among adult surgical patients.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126619. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26619
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Invited Commentary
Refining the Recipe for Alternative Payment Models for Surgical Care—Importance of Patient Mix and Venue Match
David A. Schwartzman, BS; Kyle H. Sheetz, MD, MSc; A. Mark Fendrick, MD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2128258. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.28258
PSYCHIATRY
Diana M. Smith, AB; Alejandro Meruelo, MD, PhD; Laura Campbell-Sills, PhD; et al.
This cohort study uses data from the Army STARRS New Soldier Study to investigate whether pre-enlistment anger attacks are associated with new onset and persistence of mental disorders and suicidality after enlistment in a US Army sample.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126626. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26626
PUBLIC HEALTH
Eric Merkley, PhD; Peter John Loewen, PhD
This survey study examines communication interventions that may encourage the uptake of less-preferred vaccines against COVID-19.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126635. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26635
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Stefanie J. Hollenbach, MD, MS; Loralei L. Thornburg, MD; J. Christopher Glantz, MD, MPH; et al.
This cohort study examines the associations of the historic racially discriminatory home loan policy of redlining with modern obstetric outcomes in a US city.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126707. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26707
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Invited Commentary
What Is the Long-term Impact of Racist Social Policies on Perinatal Outcomes?
Aaron B. Caughey, MD, MPP, MPH, PhD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2127956. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.27956
HEALTH POLICY
Joel T. Adler, MD, MPH; Lingwei Xiang, MS; Joel S. Weissman, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines whether patient, facility, and kidney transplant waitlisting characteristics are associated with variations in dialysis center quality.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126719. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26719
PSYCHIATRY
Christopher W. Noel, MD; Antoine Eskander, MD, ScM; Rinku Sutradhar, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the risk of nonfatal self-injury following a cancer diagnosis.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126822. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26822
ONCOLOGY
Yao Jun Zhang, MD; Min Shan Chen, MD; Yong Chen, MD; et al.
This cohort study using long-term follow-up data from a clinical trial examines outcomes associated with adding transcatheter arterial chemoembolization to radiofrequency ablation for treatment of early hepatocellular carcinoma.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2126992. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26992
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Silvia S. Martins, MD, PhD; Luis E. Segura, MD, MPH; Natalie S. Levy, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study compares self-reported rates of cannabis use before and after the enactment of recreational use laws in US states by race and ethnicity.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2127002. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.27002
NEPHROLOGY
Chi D. Chu, MD, MAS; Neil R. Powe, MD, MPH, MBA; Charles E. McCulloch, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study evaluates trends in chronic kidney disease care delivery by race and ethnicity in a large population of US adults with chronic kidney disease.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2127014. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.27014
PEDIATRICS
Meltem Dogan, MSc; Gerrit Hirschfeld, PhD; Markus Blankenburg, MD, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial evaluates the effectiveness of a psychosocial aftercare program for pediatric patients with severe chronic pain vs usual care after discharge from intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2127024. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.27024
PEDIATRICS
James T. Rague, MD; Soojin Kim, MD; Josephine A. Hirsch, BA; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines whether health literacy is associated with readiness to transition to adult care among adolescents and young adults with spina bifida.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2127034. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.27034
NEPHROLOGY
Hae Hyuk Jung, MD, PhD
This cohort study examines the association of fasting blood glucose level with risk of kidney disease progression among patients with diabetes.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2127387. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.27387
GLOBAL HEALTH
Xue Zhang, BS; Fang Wang, BS; Ye Shen, MS; et al.
This cohort study investigates 1-year health outcomes and their associated risk factors among COVID-19 survivors in Wuhan, China.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2127403. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.27403
CARDIOLOGY
Yuan Lu, ScD; Haibo Zhang, MD; Jiapeng Lu, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study assesses the prevalence, treatment, and control of dyslipidemia in community residents and the availability of lipid-lowering medications in primary care institutions in China.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2127573. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.27573
PUBLIC HEALTH
Savanna L. Carson, PhD; Alejandra Casillas, MD, MSHS; Yelba Castellon-Lopez, MD, MS; et al.
This qualitative study conducted virtual focus groups to explore barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 vaccine readiness reported by members of disproportionately affected multiethnic communities in Los Angeles County, California.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2127582. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.27582
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Invited Commentary
Toward Equitable COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution—Building Trust and Investing in Social Services
Lilia Cervantes, MD
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2127632. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.27632
HEALTH POLICY
Courtney P. Williams, DrPH; Nicole Senft Everson, PhD; Nonniekaye Shelburne, CRNP, MS, AOCN; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines demographic, clinical, and health behavior–related factors associated with invitation to and participation in clinical trials in the US.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2127792. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.27792
HEALTH INFORMATICS
Emilia Grzesiak, MEng; Brinnae Bent, PhD; Micah T. McClain, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the feasibility of using noninvasive, wrist-worn wearable devices to detect presymptomatic viral infection after exposure and predict infection severity in patients exposed to H1N1 influenza or human rhinovirus.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2128534. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.28534