Two patients had a distal, painful, partially remitting affection of the cutaneous nerves, with Tinel's sign. Pathologically, the picture was one of inflammatory scarring restricted to the perineurium, with apparent compression of the contained nerve fibers. The process was selective, affecting only certain fascicles randomly and leaving others entirely normal. These two patients, by dint of the unique clinical and pathological features, may represent a previously unrecognized entity.