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This is another of a long list of symposia designed to document the relation of the brain to behavior. The topic is said to treat of human behavior despite the fact that as with its predecessors it is chiefly animal observations that are considered. The title suggests that mental or subjective behavior is the ultimate goal, as presumptively generated by physiological and chemical activities of neurons. Sections 1, 2, 3, and 4 concern Molecular and Synaptic Organization, Biochemical Mechanisms, Neurophysiological Correlates, and Psychological Aspects, respectively. The last section relating to Epistemological Aspects deals with the philosophical side of the larger problem. There is an index in which neither the words human nor consciousness appear. The introduction, by Professor Karczmar, commences with the disconcerting idea that the volume might be premature by about 100 years, which recalls to the reviewer a value judgment given long ago by George Santayana, who said: