In 2015, a renewed focus on the cost-benefit analyses that underlie drug development in oncology resulted in the publication of conceptual value frameworks for cancer treatment options by the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the European Society for Medical Oncology.1,2 Concurrently, the National Cancer Institute was allocated $70 million in funds toward oncology genomic research as part of the Precision Medicine Initiative (https://www.whitehouse.gov/). The aims of these 2 programs converge; if precision medicine seeks to deliver the right drug to the right patient, then more accurate patient selection using predictive biomarkers will result in reduced costs and increased value to the health care system.