Adipose tissue is recognized as an active metabolic organ, with excess adiposity associated with endocrine and metabolic attributes, including insulin resistance, altered adipokines (higher leptin and lower adiponectin levels), inflammation, and higher estrogen levels. Many of these factors, in addition to obesity, which is defined as a BMI (body mass index, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) of 30 or higher, have been linked to an increased risk of breast cancer, notably in postmenopausal women.1,2