Amblyopia and strabismus are common childhood developmental conditions and their treatments constitute most pediatric eye care appointments. Because these children usually have good vision in 1 eye, there is some debate about whether the presence of amblyopia or strabismus could impair performance of real-world visual tasks and affect achievement in academics or sports. Previous population-based studies of adults have variably found no association of amblyopia with academic achievement1 or a small association that was attributed to including participants with systemic developmental abnormalities in the amblyopic group.2 This is an important question to answer from clinical and public health perspectives, as it relates to the utility of childhood treatments for amblyopia and strabismus.