In this issue of JAMA Ophthalmology, Hsu and coauthors1 evaluated whether there is a difference in retinal fluid using intravitreous injections with or without adjunctive topical dorzolamide-timolol drops among eyes with persistent fluid from neovascular age-related macular degeneration. The authors concluded that the study findings suggest that dorzolamide-timolol reduces macular edema compared with placebo. This conclusion was likely based on the P value of the primary outcome (P = .04) being less than the prespecified threshold for statistical significance (P < .05). However, what are the implications of drawing conclusions from P values alone?