The long-debated question of the value of orthoptic training exercises in strabismus and allied conditions is still unanswered. The orthoptic clinic of the Albert Merritt Billings Hospital ophthalmic clinic therefore presents a summary of an extended study of 192 cases, carried out over a period of twenty months, May 1938 to January 1940. The survey includes cases of the following types of conditions :
PROCEDURES USED
Examination of the visual acuity was made with the Snellen letter or illiterate E charts. When the patient was less than 3 years old his central fixation was tested by determining his ability to look at a pocket flashlight. The child's ability to place his forefinger on the flashlight bulb was another indication of his visual acuity. Any 1 year old child will learn easily to perform this act. All amblyopic eyes were found to have variable and uncertain fixation ; the children were unable to